A Detailed Guide to Selecting and Cultivating Pholiota nameko (Nameko Mushroom) Spawn

When it comes to fungi used as food, how many kinds have you eaten? Enoki mushrooms, umbrella mushrooms and the like are fairly common species, but have you ever eaten nameko mushrooms? How do you select nameko spawn? How do you cultivate it? Next, the editor will explain it all to you!

1. How do you select nameko spawn?

1. Variety selection

According to differences in fruiting temperature, nameko mushrooms are divided into extremely early strains (optimum fruiting temperature 7°C-20°C), early strains (5°C-15°C), medium strains (7°C-12°C) and late strains (5°C-10°C). Producers should choose excellent varieties according to local climate, cultivation method and purpose. The main varieties grown in the main production areas include Zaofeng 112, C3-1 and others.

2. Spawn selection

When choosing spawn, it is required that it not be degenerated and not be mixed; from its appearance the mycelium should be pure white, woolly, and densely, evenly and robustly grown; the spawn age should be 50-60 days, neither aged nor shrunken, with no water accumulation. When choosing spawn, different varieties should be used in combination; a single variety should not be used alone, to prevent fruiting from being too concentrated and affecting product sales.

2. How is nameko spawn cultivated?

1. Ingredient mixing

Calculated for a formula of 1000 bags: 500 kg of dry hardwood sawdust, 500 kg of dry softwood sawdust (or corncobs, sorghum heads, firewood and grass, etc.), 120 kg of wheat bran, 120 kg of rice chaff, and 10 kg of gypsum. Ingredients must be added strictly according to the formula, stirred 3-4 times, and the dry and wet materials mixed evenly; or the materials may be spread evenly in layers, sifted while stirring, and water added at the same time, until it forms a ball when grasped and falls apart when released, with water marks on the hand as the standard; generally the moisture content is 60%-65%.

2. Bag filling

Use 20 cm x 55 cm x 0.05 cm polyethylene plastic bags. The bags should be filled appropriately firmly, so that no indentation appears when the material bag is grasped by hand; each bag holds 1.25 kg of dry material and 2-2.2 kg of wet material. After filling, tie the opening with string: first tie straight, then fold and tie again, that is, use the "double-layer tying method," to avoid air leakage and the formation of water bags during sterilization.

3. Sterilization and inoculation

When loading the sterilizer, arrange the material bags in a "well" shape; after arranging them, cover with plastic film, cover with a warm quilt or straw curtain, then press sandbags on top and cover tightly and press firmly; burn with a strong fire until 100°C and hold for 12 hours, then let it sit for about 1 hour before removing from the pot and entering the inoculation room. Before inoculation, thoroughly disinfect the shed and tools with formaldehyde, sulfur, white lime, etc.; begin inoculation when the material temperature drops below 25°C. One person makes holes and wipes the bags with alcohol, two people inoculate the spawn, and one person moves the bags. During this period, spray disinfectant with a sprayer once every half hour. After inoculation, arrange them in a single line, stacking them so that the upper spawn bags press the lower spawn holes; the top layer should have its spawn holes facing down, and then they can enter the mycelium-running stage.

4. Mycelium running

During the mycelium-running period, basically no ventilation is needed in the first two weeks, and the temperature should preferably be controlled at 8-10°C; in the 3rd and 4th weeks, ventilation may be done appropriately: ventilate in the morning and evening when the temperature is high, and at noon when the temperature is low. In the 4th week, the temperature should be controlled below 20°C. In short, during the mycelium-running period, the temperature should preferably not exceed 25°C, and after 30-40 days the mycelium fills the spawn bags.

After reading the above, everyone probably already knows how to select nameko spawn, right? If you do not know how to cultivate it, you can also learn the methods above. I hope this article is of some help to everyone.

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