What are the methods for selecting coffee seeds and raising seedlings?

I believe many people love drinking coffee. There are quite a few varieties, but the ones grown on a large scale are roughly two: one is Robusta and the other is Arabica. So how do you select coffeeseeds? What are the seedling-raising methods? Friends who want to know should read on!

1. How to select coffee seeds?

For Arabica coffee seed selection, the requirement is to pick fully ripe fruits of uniform size and normal shape containing 2 seeds from superior mother trees that have been in production for more than 5 years, grow vigorously, have high resistance, yield more than 1kg of dry beans per plant, and are free of pests and diseases, and to dry them in the shade for later use. Never expose them to direct sunlight; air-dry for 1-2 days, remove impurities, and they are ready for sowing.

2. Coffee seedling-raising methods

1. Selection of nursery site

Choose loam or sandy loam near a water source, with convenient transport, loose soil, deep soil layer and good drainage and irrigation, with a pH of 6-6.5, in paddy field or dry land as the nursery site, and close to the coffee plantation. Plow the land 20-30 cm deep, break up the clods and remove stones, then make beds 1-1.2 m wide and about 10 m long, and apply thoroughly decomposed and finely crushed farmyard manure on the beds at 3000 kg per mu. Mix the soil and fertilizer evenly to make nutrient soil for filling bags. The nutrient bags are 15 x 20 cm; cut through the corners of the bags for drainage, fill the bags with nutrient soil, and place them neatly in rows of 12 bags each, upright. Each mu can hold 60,000-70,000 plants. Plant shade-support posts at a spacing of 4 m, with a height of 2 m and a shade density of 75-85%. A fence must be set up around the perimeter for protection, and the nursery is then complete.

2. Preparation of the germination bed and sowing

Take the nursery land that has already been broken up and fertilized, and make beds at a spacing of 50 cm, with a bed width of 1.2 m and a height of 15-20 cm, and level them. After disinfecting the soil with carbendazim, add 5-10 cm of river sand. Fubang Village plants the new variety 7963, with about 5000 seeds per kg. Soak the seeds in warm water at 40-45 degrees C for 24 hours, then take them out and sow them evenly on the sand bed, preferably without piling them up. The sowing rate is 0.5-0.6 kg per sq m. Press them into the sand with a wooden board, cover with 1-2 cm of river sand, then cover the surface with rice straw and water thoroughly. The seeds emerge 80 days after sowing. Water regularly before emergence to prevent drought, and remove the straw promptly after the seedlings emerge.

3. Seedling management and transplanting into nutrient bags

Before transplanting into bags, pest and disease control must be carried out. Use carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl and the like to control seedling damping-off, and dimethoate and the like to control pests and diseases. When the cotyledons of the seedlings are fully expanded, they can be bagged. Before pulling up the seedlings, water them thoroughly to reduce mechanical damage to the roots. Select stable, robust young seedlings with cotyledons, fill a bucket or basin with 10 cm of water, and place the seedlings neatly in the container to keep them fresh. Before inserting the seedlings, water the nutrient bags filled with nutrient soil thoroughly. After the seedlings are inserted into the nutrient bags, the roots must be straight and the seedlings upright. Water with setting water immediately after planting. During the nursery period, pay attention to pulling weeds and preventing pests and diseases, apply human and livestock manure and urine 2-3 times, diluted with water at a ratio of 1:3, and spray the foliage once with 0.5% Yunda 120. When the plant height reaches 15 cm and there are 4-5 pairs of true leaves, they can be transplanted. Hardening off must be carried out for 2-3 weeks before transplanting.

Alright, that is all the content the editor wants to share with you. Coffee is currently in fairly high demand on the market, and many people make money growing it, but when selecting seeds you still need to pay attention to choosing superior seeds from trees in production for more than 5 years, growing vigorously, with high resistance, yielding more than 1kg of dry beans per plant, and free of pests and diseases. Only then will the coffee grown be of better quality.

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