What should be noted when growing roses?

I believe everyone is familiar with roses; their brilliant colors and beautiful petal shapes make them a gift no girl can refuse. Roses are easy to propagate and cultivate, and can be grown in the ground or in pots. So how are roses grown? What good methods are there for growing them? And what should be noted when growing roses?

Rose growing methods (basic knowledge):

Best propagation time: Both spring and autumn work, with autumn being better.

Best growing soil: Well-drained, loose, fertile loam or light loam; it grows poorly in clay loam and blooms poorly.

Growing humidity requirements: Roses are sun-loving, fairly cold-tolerant, and drought-tolerant plants; humid air helps their growth.

Best growing temperature: The suitable growing temperature is 12-28°C, and it can tolerate low temperatures of -20°C.

Best growing light: Whether grown in the ground or in pots, they should be placed in a sunny place and receive more than 4 hours of direct sunlight each day. They cannot be placed long-term in indoor spots with insufficient light. In winter, move them indoors and place them in a sunny spot.

Notes on growing roses:

Applying fertilizer: When the plant grows to about 25cm, begin bending the branches; do this at noon on a sunny day, otherwise they break easily. After roses are planted, they generally need 5 years, so fertilization should be plentiful and heavy; generally apply about 60t/hm2 of organic fertilizer, 750kg/hm2 of diammonium phosphate, and 2250kg/hm2 of superphosphate. The organic fertilizer must be fully decomposed.

Key watering points: Watering and topdressing should be carried out according to soil conditions, climate conditions, and the growth state of the branches and leaves. During rose cultivation, if the soil moisture is insufficient, the plant's true leaves will drop. When the surface is dry, water promptly to keep the ground moist.

Pruning essentials: The pruning time for roses is after flowering; it is best to cut somewhat low, but this should be determined according to the buds and tree vigor. If the tree vigor is weaker, cut from strong buds to promote strong branches; if the tree vigor is stronger, cut from weak buds to balance the tree vigor. As for messy branches, clean them up after flowering. Once the tree vigor is balanced, flowering will also be uniform. In addition, roses often send up new shoots from the ground near the old plant; it is best to cut them off and plant them separately the next year, which benefits both plants.

Potting soil replacement: Before planting, deeply plow the soil and disinfect it with chemicals so that soil and fertilizer are fully mixed. Make beds 12cm wide, with ditches 40cm wide, and bed length 5.5-6.0m. Do not break the soil up too finely; if it is too fine, air permeability is poor, leading to slow recovery after transplanting and slow later growth.

Propagation essentials: Put seeds collected in autumn into a plastic bag filled with moist sandy soil, place it in an environment where it freezes at night and thaws during the day, and after about 1 month gradually raise the temperature to about 20°C. After the seeds crack and germinate, they can be sown (or stored in sand until spring of the next year for sowing). When the seedlings grow 3-5 small leaves, transplant them.

Pest and disease control: Powdery mildew: When infected, the leaves appear raised, the raised areas become paler and have a powdery white substance, the leaves become uneven and gradually curl, the pathogen spreads, and the entire leaf underside is covered with a layer of gray-white mold. In severe cases, the flower buds, flower stalks, entire branches, and leaves are all covered with a layer of mold, and new buds and leaves curl. Prevention methods: Spray regularly with pesticides, using 600x myclobutanil solution, 800x chlorothalonil, and similar agents for control. Spray once every 7-10 days, and frequently spraying water on the leaves can effectively reduce the occurrence of powdery mildew. Cut off diseased branches and leaves as soon as possible to reduce opportunities for further spread.

Hydroponic growing of roses:

1. Generally use special hydroponic flower pots with no bottom hole and inner and outer double-layer mesh nested pots; for ordinary households, containers with a certain degree of transparency are all suitable. Arrange the planting season from mid-April to mid-to-late June, and from late September to early November. During this period the temperature is suitable, roses have vigorous life activity, and both planting and water cuttings easily take root.

2. Select roses with good plant shape and strong growth, and rinse off the mud or other medium from the roots with water. Plants with weak growth have few nutrients in their bodies and relatively slow physiological activity; washing the roots for hydroponics will affect their rooting and growth, so they should not be selected. For some flower species suitable for hydroponics, you can also cut fully developed semi-mature branches during their vegetative growth period and insert them in water to let them root. For succulent and pulpy plants, the stems have soft water-storing tissue; after cutting the branches from the mother plant, they should not be inserted directly into water. Instead, place the cuttings in a cool, dry place for 2-3 days, and only after the wounds are fully dry should water cuttings be carried out.

Experience in growing roses:

Roses are afraid of waterlogging. If potted roses are watered too much or ground-planted roses are grown in low-lying waterlogged places, the lower leaves will turn yellow and drop, and may even cause death. The control measures are as follows:

1. Choose a well-drained medium and plant in a high, open place; during the rainy season, drain promptly to prevent waterlogging.

2. Potted roses should not be watered too many times each day; once a day is enough; when summer is excessively hot, water once each morning and evening; in winter, control water.

3. If the lower leaves of the rose have already turned yellow, stop watering immediately. For potted roses, loosen the soil or medium around the plant so that moisture evaporates as quickly as possible. For ground-planted roses, if there are consecutive rainy days, dig drainage ditches around the plant and remove accumulated water promptly.

Control measures for yellowing and dropping of the lower leaves of roses are as follows:

① Choose a well-drained medium and plant in a high, open place; during the rainy season, drain promptly to prevent waterlogging.

② Potted roses should not be watered too many times each day; 1 time is enough. When summer is excessively hot, water once each morning and evening; in winter, control water.

③ If the lower leaves of the rose have already turned yellow, stop watering immediately. For potted roses, loosen the soil or medium around the plant so that moisture evaporates as quickly as possible. For ground-planted roses, if there are consecutive rainy days, dig drainage ditches around the plant and remove accumulated water promptly.