Inner Mongolia Animal Husbandry Development 13th Five-Year Plan 2016-2020
In order to advance the sound and rapid development of animal husbandry in the autonomous region, intensify the supply-side structural adjustment of animal husbandry, develop green animal husbandry, build the autonomous region into a base for the production, processing and export of high-quality green livestock products, and accelerate the transformation from a major animal husbandry region to a strong animal husbandry region, the “13th Five-Year” Plan for the Development of Animal Husbandry in Inner Mongolia, organized and compiled by the Autonomous Region Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry together with the Development and Reform Commission, is hereby issued to you. Please earnestly carry out its implementation.
I. The Development Situation of Animal Husbandry
(1) Development achievements
The Party Committee and government of the autonomous region attach great importance to the development of animal husbandry. During the “12th Five-Year” period, a series of support policies were issued in succession, investment in infrastructure was increased, the industrial transformation and upgrading of animal husbandry accelerated, and the industry's status was consolidated. At the end of the “12th Five-Year” period, the output value of animal husbandry crossed the threshold of 100 billion yuan, reaching 116.09 billion yuan, accounting for 42.2% of the output value of agriculture and animal husbandry, 12 percentage points higher than the national average. The income of farmers and herdsmen broke through the 10,000 yuan mark. At the end of the “12th Five-Year” period, the per capita disposable income of farmers and herdsmen crossed the 10,000 yuan mark, reaching 10,776 yuan, of which herdsmen's income reached 14,996 yuan, an increase of 90.9%, nearly doubling in five years. The rapid development of animal husbandry became a highlight of the region's economic and social development, and made important contributions to improving residents' dietary nutrition, safeguarding the national supply of livestock products, especially milk, beef and mutton, and maintaining social stability in the border areas.
1. The comprehensive production capacity of animal husbandry continued to strengthen. In 2015, livestock inventories reached 136 million head, an increase of 25.8% over the end of the “11th Five-Year” period, achieving an “eleventh consecutive increase.” The output of livestock products grew steadily. Meat output reached 2.457 million tons, of which beef and mutton output reached 529,000 tons and 926,000 tons respectively, an increase of 6.37% and 3.77% over the end of the “11th Five-Year” period; poultry egg output was 546,000 tons, an increase of 12.8% over the end of the “11th Five-Year” period; milk output was 8.032 million tons. The comprehensive production capacity of major livestock products rose steadily. Fine wool and cashmere output reached 70,800 tons and 8,380.1 tons respectively, an increase of 40.5% and 3.41% over the end of the “11th Five-Year” period; milk, beef, mutton, fine wool and cashmere output accounted for 21.4%, 7.6%, 21%, 52.4% and 43.5 of the national total respectively. Milk, mutton and wool output ranked 1st in the country, and beef output ranked 3rd.
2. Fundamental changes took place in livestock and poultry farming methods. During the “12th Five-Year” period, various types of state support funds were used to attract social capital participation, and guided by the creation of standardized livestock and poultry farming demonstrations, standardized large-scale farming was vigorously developed, and the concept of combining planting and breeding and green circular development took shape rapidly. Driven by the creation of 140 national-level standardized demonstration farms, various types of large-scale livestock and poultry farms in the region reached nearly 100,000, of which family pastures in pastoral areas developed to 35,000, with 50,000 households participating in family pasture operations, accounting for 11% of the total number of herdsmen households. The overall scale farming rate of livestock and poultry reached 68.2%, 14 percentage points higher than the national average. The production mode of animal husbandry in our region has entered a critical period of moving from free-range farming to comprehensive large-scale farming.
3. Positive results were achieved in the development of livestock and poultry seed industry. Through the implementation of the “Double Hundred, Thousand, Ten Thousand High-Yield Creation Project” aimed at improving the individual output capacity of one million dairy cows, one million beef cattle and ten million meat sheep, the livestock and poultry improved breed breeding system was continuously improved, and the foundation of the seed industry was further consolidated. Breeding sheep farms developed to 362, with an annual production capacity of 200,000 breeding rams, of which the supply capacity of introduced breed rams exceeded 50,000; the high-quality frozen semen annual production capacity of 5 bull stations reached 10 million doses. During the “12th Five-Year” period, local breeds were selected and improved. New breeds of Zhaowuda meat sheep and Chahar sheep were successfully bred. Subsidies for improved cattle and sheep breeds basically achieved full coverage, basically realizing self-sufficiency in seed sources and exporting to areas outside the region, and the contribution of improved breeds to industrial development increased significantly. According to production performance measurements, the carcass weight of local breed meat sheep such as Sunit sheep and Simmental cattle increased by 3 kg and 20 kg, and the single output of Holstein dairy cows increased by 850 kg.
4. The forage and feed guarantee system was further improved. At the end of the “12th Five-Year” period, the planting area of high-quality alfalfa was 9.29 million mu, an increase of 990,000 mu over the end of the “11th Five-Year” period; silage corn output was 27.25 million tons, an increase of 3.39 million tons over the end of the “11th Five-Year” period; the output of feed processing enterprises reached more than 2.7 million tons, an increase of 20,000 tons over the end of the “11th Five-Year” period; the amount of straw used as feed was 11.26 million tons, with a utilization rate of 36% of the collected and stored amount. The improvement of the forage and feed guarantee capacity laid a solid foundation for the development of the livestock and poultry industry.
5. The conditions of animal husbandry infrastructure improved markedly. A forage and feed reserve system based mainly on household storage, supplemented by medium-sized forage and feed reserve warehouses built in sumu and gacha, and complemented by large-scale emergency forage and feed reserve warehouses built in banners and counties, was basically established. The green hay reserve capacity of the whole region reached 14 billion kg. The reserve capacity of the two major pastoral areas' large-scale emergency forage reserve warehouses in Hulunbuir City and Xilin Gol League reached 450,000 tons. The average hay storage per sheep unit of overwintering livestock in the whole region was 164 kg, which could meet the three-month overwintering needs of livestock. Permanent warm sheds in pastoral areas increased markedly, the shed area per sheep unit of overwintering livestock reached more than 1.1 sq m, warm sheds were realized for pregnant and young livestock, and the breeding survival rate of large and small livestock reached more than 98%.
6. The process of regionalization of animal husbandry advantages accelerated. At the end of the “12th Five-Year” period, the layout of advantageous regions was further optimized, and a large number of major farming counties were cultivated. In the whole region, the number of major farming counties with dairy cow inventories of more than 30,000 head, beef cattle slaughters of more than 30,000 head, and meat sheep slaughters of more than 300,000 head reached 18, 39 and 64 respectively. The milk, beef and mutton output of major farming counties was 4.957 million tons, 444,000 tons and 895,000 tons respectively, accounting for 61.7%, 84% and 96.7% of the region's total output, further increasing industrial concentration.
(2) Opportunities and challenges
The “13th Five-Year” period is a period of strategic opportunity and a critical transition period for the reform and development of animal husbandry. The internal and external environment affecting the development of animal husbandry has undergone profound changes. The development of animal husbandry faces the dual constraints of resources and the market, the dual pressure of developing the economy and protecting the environment, the dual challenges of domestic and international markets, and the dual goals of increasing farmers' and herdsmen's income and safeguarding the supply of livestock products. Opportunities and challenges coexist.
1. Development opportunities
First, the policy environment is continuously optimizing. The State Council issued the “Several Opinions on Implementing New Development Concepts, Accelerating Agricultural Modernization and Achieving the Goal of Building a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects,” the Ministry of Agriculture formulated the “Guiding Opinions on Agricultural Structural Adjustment in the Northern Farming-Pastoral Ecotone,” and the 10th Party Congress of the autonomous region proposed vigorously promoting the deep integration and deep interaction of agricultural and animal husbandry modernization and greening. During the “13th Five-Year” period, our region was included in the advantageous development zone of the “National Herbivorous Animal Husbandry Development Plan” and the potential growth zone of the “Pig Industry Development Plan,” which provided a clear development orientation and strong policy guarantee for our region to vigorously promote green development and accelerate the construction of modern animal husbandry during the “13th Five-Year” period.
Second, the advantage of combining agriculture and animal husbandry is obvious. Our region is located in the key area of corn structural adjustment in the “Sickle Bend.” By 2020, 10 million mu of grain corn will be reduced and used for silage corn planting. The retained 40 million mu of grain corn and 30 million tons of corn straw can satisfy the vigorous development of the pig, cattle, sheep and poultry industries. The optimization and adjustment of the planting industry structure and the improvement of straw feed utilization will further increase the forage and feed supply guarantee capacity, promote the conversion and value-added of grain and forage through livestock, and provide broad development space for the development of animal husbandry.
Third, market demand is strong. In the future, China's meat consumption, especially beef and mutton consumption, will show a rigid growth trend. In 2015, the national mutton output was 4.41 million tons. By 2020, the newly added market demand for mutton will reach 5.35 million tons. During the “13th Five-Year” period, it needs to grow by 15.6% compared with 2015, with an average annual growth of 2.9%, to meet market demand; the national beef output was 6.89 million tons. By 2020, beef market demand still needs to increase by 2 million tons. By 2020, national pork consumption will increase by 2.5 million tons over the end of the “12th Five-Year” period. Domestic market demand has created broad space for our region to increase the production of livestock products.
2. Challenges faced
First, the supply-side structure of animal husbandry urgently needs optimization. The main bodies of planting and breeding in agriculture and animal husbandry are separated, the combination of agriculture and animal husbandry is not close, and the internal structure of animal husbandry is not entirely reasonable. There is a situation of “one sheep dominating,” the beef cattle industry is underdeveloped, and the pig and poultry industries are weak; in the supply of livestock products, the proportion of high-end beef and mutton products is low, and homogenization is serious, unable to meet differentiated consumer demand; the green advantages of grassland animal husbandry have not been fully brought into play, brand building lags behind, market influence is not strong, and the problem of “high quality but not high price” is prominent, affecting the output efficiency of animal husbandry.
Second, animal husbandry infrastructure urgently needs overall improvement. Small and medium-sized farms are generally still relatively backward, and problems such as lack of infrastructure, incomplete supporting facilities, and low mechanization are relatively common. Most large-scale farms have no supporting forage base planting, the resource utilization rate of livestock and poultry manure is low, and environmental pressure is high. The construction standards of emergency forage and feed reserve warehouses for responding to natural disasters in pastoral areas and warm sheds for breeding female livestock need to be further improved.
Third, the degree of industrial organization of animal husbandry urgently needs improvement. Compared with foreign animal husbandry, industrial organization entities generally have problems such as insufficient funds, small scale, backward technology, and weak risk tolerance. The degree of industrialization is low, they face the market independently, market transaction costs are high, and they are in an unfair trading position. The development model integrating production, processing and sales has not yet been fully established, and it is difficult to form a community of shared risks and shared interests.
Fourth, breeding risk prevention and control and credit support mechanisms urgently need to be improved. Policy-based insurance for livestock and poultry breeding is not yet sound, and price insurance for cattle and sheep and meteorological index disaster insurance have not yet been established, so a risk-sharing mechanism for the breeding industry urgently needs to be established. The problems of expensive loans and difficult loans from banks are prominent, and there are problems with financial credit such as high thresholds, many procedures, small quotas and short cycles.
II. Guiding Ideology, Basic Principles and Development Goals
(1) Guiding ideology. Comprehensively implement the series of decisions and deployments of the Party Committee and government of the autonomous region, firmly establish the five development concepts of “innovation, coordination, green, openness and sharing,” focus on “green development,” optimize the development layout, steadily develop grassland animal husbandry, and vigorously develop agricultural area animal husbandry. According to the development path of “combining agriculture and animal husbandry,” the primary and secondary positions of the planting and breeding industries are swapped, forming a new type of planting and breeding structure of “planting for breeding, farming for animal husbandry, conversion through livestock, and agricultural-animal husbandry circulation,” protecting the green ecology, expanding the production scale, improving development quality, enhancing the competitiveness of advantageous and characteristic industries such as milk, meat and wool, and accelerating the transformation from a major animal husbandry region to a strong animal husbandry region.
(2) Basic principles
1. Adhere to ecological priority and green development. Follow the concept that “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets.” Give play to the natural green advantages of grasslands, adhere to the combination of grassland protection and utilization, improve the visibility of grassland brands, and make grassland animal husbandry better and stronger; give play to the advantages of combining agriculture and animal husbandry, adhere to “planting for breeding and planting for animal husbandry,” promote planting-breeding circulation and green development, and make agricultural area animal husbandry larger and stronger. Build modern animal husbandry with efficient output, green products, resource conservation and environmental friendliness.
2. Adhere to rational layout and optimized structure. According to the development idea of “stabilizing sheep, increasing cattle, and expanding pigs and poultry,” adjust and optimize the production structure and regional layout according to local conditions. Actively promote the integrated development of agriculture and animal husbandry in whole counties and townships, optimize the spatial layout of animal husbandry, develop moderate-scale farming, and optimize the structure of the animal husbandry industry.
3. Adhere to transforming the mode and improving quality and efficiency. Strengthen the construction of the guarantee capacity for improved cattle and sheep breeds, consolidate the foundation for the development of the cattle and sheep seed industry, enhance the supply capacity of improved breeds, and increase the coverage rate and market share of improved breeds. Vigorously develop standardized large-scale farming, actively cultivate new types of business entities with diverse subjects and coordinated complementarity, such as large breeding households, family pastures, cooperatives and leading enterprises, and improve the industrial interest linkage mechanism. Promote efficient production models, promote the transformation of the animal husbandry development mode, and improve breeding efficiency.
(3) Development goals
By 2020, livestock inventories will increase steadily on the basis of stabilizing at 130 million head, meat and milk output will reach 2.8 million tons and 8 million tons respectively, and the proportion of animal husbandry output value in the output value of large agriculture will reach 50%. The comprehensive utilization rate of waste from large-scale livestock and poultry farming will reach 85%; the level of standardized large-scale farming will improve markedly, the individual unit output level of livestock and poultry will rise markedly, and the output level of livestock products will increase steadily, realizing the combination of agriculture and animal husbandry and green development, taking a key step in the transformation from a major animal husbandry region to a strong region, and providing an industrial foundation for farmers and herdsmen in the whole region to increase income, become prosperous and achieve moderate prosperity in all respects.
III. Regional Layout and Development Direction
According to the resource endowments, industrial foundations and breeding traditions of different regions, highlight regional characteristics, give play to comparative advantages, promote industrial clustering, make agricultural area animal husbandry larger and stronger, make grassland animal husbandry larger and better, and improve market competitiveness.
(1) Dairy cows. Focus on supporting the five major milk production regions: the three major river basins of Nenjiang, West Liao River and Yellow River, and the two major grasslands of Hulunbuir and Xilin Gol. With the focus on accelerating the improvement of dairy cow breeds, steadily increasing the number of head, and striving to improve individual unit output, continuously improve the production level and breeding efficiency of dairy cows; relying on major dairy farming counties, accelerate the development of whole-plant silage corn and high-quality alfalfa efficient production, promote the combination of planting and breeding and agricultural-animal husbandry circulation, promote cost reduction and efficiency improvement, and enhance the overall quality of the dairy industry. With the promotion of the integration of breeding and processing as the starting point, accelerate the establishment of a stable interest linkage mechanism between dairy farmers and dairy enterprises, and achieve win-win cooperation between dairy farmers and dairy enterprises.
(2) Beef cattle. Focus on supporting the high-quality beef cattle production area in the central and eastern grasslands, the beef cattle production area combining agriculture and animal husbandry, the emerging high-end beef cattle production area in the west, and the dairy bull calf fattening area. Increase the expansion and increment of high-quality cows, improve the construction of the improved breed breeding system, promote standardized large-scale farming, and enhance the forage and feed guarantee capacity. Increase the cultivation of regional brands of advantageous industries, enhance the breeding capacity of grassland pastoral areas, expand the scale of breeding and fattening in agricultural areas, improve the market competitiveness and breeding efficiency of the industry, and make the beef cattle industry larger, stronger and better.
(3) Meat sheep. Consolidate and improve grassland pastoral areas, and steadily improve agricultural areas and farming-pastoral ecotones. The inventory of meat sheep as a whole remains stable, and the breeding increment generally shifts from pastoral areas to agricultural areas, promoting the balance of grass and livestock. In pastoral areas, quality is fundamental, highlighting the selection and improvement of local improved breeds, improving the individual output of meat sheep, actively guiding the development of ecological family pastures, promoting winter lambing and early spring lambing, accelerating herd turnover, and stabilizing production. In agricultural areas, tap potential, focus on meat sheep breeding specialized households, accelerate standardized large-scale farming, promote the two-year three-lambing and twin-lamb rate breeding technology, improve ewe reproduction rates, encourage social capital to invest in the sheep industry, accelerate the construction of housed breeding facilities, and increase the number of head raised.
(4) Pigs and poultry. By introducing meat processing enterprises, in Hinggan League, Tongliao City, Chifeng City, Bayannur City and the Lingnan area of Hulunbuir City, on the existing basis, vigorously develop standardized large-scale pig farming, accelerate industrial transformation and upgrading, improve the standardization, intensification, mechanization and automation level of pig and poultry farming, promote the resource utilization of manure, develop green and clean farming, and promote resource recycling; in Hohhot-Baotou-Ordos and Ulanqab City, further optimize the layout of pig and poultry farming, actively guide large enterprise groups to build breeding bases, and promote factory-scale farming.
(5) Wool and cashmere sheep. Focusing on 8 advantageous banner counties including Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats (Arbas type, Erlangshan type, Alxa type), continue to implement the cashmere goat “breed preservation” project, strengthen the construction of breed preservation farms and protection areas, prohibit the introduction of foreign blood, protect high-quality cashmere goat resources, and maintain the leading advantage of the cashmere industry in the country. In advantageous production areas mainly based on Ordos fine wool sheep, Inner Mongolia fine wool sheep and Aohan fine wool sheep, with improving the quality of fine wool sheep as the core, expand the population scale of fine-wool fine wool sheep, consolidate the basic conditions of high-quality and high-yield fine wool sheep production bases, and improve the quality and efficiency of fine wool sheep as a whole. The production performance and wool quality of core group fine wool sheep reach or approach the level of medium Australian Merino sheep, and continue to maintain the national leading position in quantity and quality.
(6) Characteristic livestock and poultry. Adhere to market orientation, develop local characteristic livestock breeds such as horses, camels and donkeys according to local conditions, meet multi-level consumer needs such as meat, milk, medicinal and riding uses, actively promote the development of advantageous and characteristic regions, and rely on characteristic industries for targeted poverty alleviation.
IV. Key Tasks
(1) Vigorously promote the modern seed industry and tap the potential for green development. Improved livestock and poultry breeds are the foundation and key to the development of animal husbandry. In order to enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of animal husbandry and safeguard the supply security of livestock products. First, cultivate and strengthen the cattle and sheep seed industry. Actively promote the market-oriented transformation of livestock and poultry breeding farms, enhance enterprise strength and market competitiveness through mergers and reorganizations and equity expansion financing, cultivate a number of large livestock and poultry seed industry groups, enhance the seed production and supply capacity of improved breeds, and build our region into the country's largest cattle and sheep seed source base. Second, accelerate the promotion of excellent breeding livestock. In light of the resource conditions and breeding foundations of various places, clarify the main promoted breeds in advantageous regions, and improve the livestock and poultry improved breed promotion system. Strengthen the construction of grassroots animal husbandry technology promotion institutions, carry out regular technical services and production performance measurements, improve the cold chain transportation system, increase the coverage of artificial insemination and the socialized service level of service stations, and open up the last kilometer of improved breed promotion. Third, strengthen the protection of livestock and poultry genetic resources. Continue to build national-level and autonomous-region-level livestock and poultry genetic resource breed preservation farms, protection areas and gene banks, and strive to ensure that resources listed in the protection catalogue are effectively protected. Fourth, strengthen management according to law. Raise the entry threshold for livestock and poultry breeding farms, improve the software and hardware levels of enterprise production and operation, continue to implement quality and safety supervision and inspection of livestock and poultry breeding, and create a healthy and orderly market environment.
(2) Vigorously promote the combination of agriculture and animal husbandry and consolidate the foundation for green development. Use new projects such as national rewards for major cattle and sheep transfer-out counties, grassland animal husbandry development pilot projects, and “grain-to-feed” pilot projects to effectively guarantee the forage and feed supply of herbivorous livestock, provide basic support for the corn structural adjustment of our region, and create conditions for vigorously developing herbivorous animal husbandry. First, vigorously develop silage corn planting. Encourage planting-breeding combined households to advance in whole counties and whole townships, encourage large breeding households, cooperatives and large-scale farms to plant silage corn on a large scale, actively promote docking and cooperation with large-scale corn planting entities such as large planting households and cooperatives, and promote order-based planting. Second, vigorously develop artificial grasslands, implement projects such as returning grazing land to grassland, returning farmland to grassland, and high-yield and high-quality alfalfa demonstrations, expand the planting area of high-quality forage, and improve carrying capacity. Third, coordinate the promotion of grain, cash crops and feed, carry out pilot demonstrations of grain-to-feed in major grain-producing areas and farming-pastoral ecotones, promote the combination of planting and breeding, return livestock and poultry manure to fields, improve arable land fertility, promote the transformation of the breeding industry's mode, reduce costs and improve efficiency, and achieve circular development. Through structural adjustment, promote the dynamic balance of planting and breeding within the region, promote the integrated development of planting, breeding and processing, and achieve a win-win situation of ecological protection and the development of green animal husbandry.
(3) Vigorously promote the transformation of production methods and achieve green development and rise. Establish a green development mechanism, guard the “green” responsibility well, and give full play to the “green” advantage. First, relying on the carrying capacity of resources and environment, optimize the layout of animal husbandry production, guide livestock and poultry breeding to shift to areas with richer resources and larger environmental capacity, and realize the greening of regional layout; second, use high and new technology, scientific management and modern equipment to transform traditional animal husbandry, improve the modernization equipment level of breeding facilities, improve labor productivity and resource utilization, and realize the greening of breeding methods; third, based on grassland animal husbandry with less breeding and fine breeding, improve unit output, promote the overall shift of breeding increment from pastoral areas to agricultural areas, realize the balance of grass and livestock, and protect the green ecology of grasslands. Fourth, promote the construction of a traceability system for the whole industry chain of meat sheep in pastoral areas, establish a traceability system covering the whole industry chain of breeding production, purchase and processing, and sales and consumption in grassland pastoral areas, create a unified regional grassland brand, build pastoral area sheep into high-end products, realize high quality and high price, and build a good grassland green brand. Fifth, use planting-breeding combined breeding projects to support the construction of green demonstration counties, advance the comprehensive utilization of livestock and poultry manure on a whole-county basis, open up the channel for the coordinated development of planting and breeding industries, provide conditions for the “zero growth” action of chemical fertilizer use, and promote the green circular development of agriculture and animal husbandry.
V. Key Construction Projects
Centering on the development goals and key tasks of animal husbandry during the “13th Five-Year” period, and in conjunction with the spirit of the 10th Party Congress of the autonomous region, organize and implement 7 projects, accelerate the supply-side structural reform of animal husbandry, develop green animal husbandry, build high-quality green livestock product brands, promote the integrated development of animal husbandry with the secondary and tertiary industries, and accelerate the transformation from a major animal husbandry region to a strong animal husbandry region.
(1) Green seed industry improvement project.
With improving individual production performance and the quality of livestock products as the main direction, and in conjunction with the layout of advantageous livestock and poultry production areas, implement the livestock and poultry genetic improvement plan. Relying on the national modern seed industry improvement project, increase the construction of breeding livestock stations, and improve the capacity for seed production, seed supply and improved breed promotion; relying on national and autonomous region improved breed subsidies, increase the construction of core breeding farms and artificial insemination stations, improve the coverage of excellent breeds, and drive the improvement of livestock and poultry production levels; relying on the national livestock and poultry germplasm resource protection policy, increase the construction of livestock and poultry genetic resource breed preservation farms, protection areas and gene banks, and ensure that genetic resources are not lost, germplasm characteristics are not changed, and economic traits are not reduced.
(2) Green development demonstration county project. Relying on national support funds for major dairy counties and major planting-breeding combined counties, with the coordinated development of animal husbandry production and environmental protection as the goal, and with the resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure as the focus, carry out green animal husbandry demonstration county creation activities, advance the comprehensive utilization of livestock and poultry manure on a whole-county basis, and promote the coordinated development of animal husbandry production and ecological protection.
(3) Grain-to-feed major county promotion demonstration project. Establish the development concept of “planting for breeding, breeding driving planting, and combining planting and breeding,” select banner counties with large corn planting areas, good cattle and sheep breeding foundations and potential for planting structure adjustment to carry out grain-to-feed pilots. Guide pilot areas to carry out silage planting in “whole counties, whole townships and whole villages” and develop herbivorous animal husbandry. Through conversion and value-added through livestock, promote the optimization and upgrading of the planting industry structure, cost reduction, quality improvement and efficiency improvement of animal husbandry, and increase income. Promote the transformation of major grain counties into major breeding counties, build a new type of agriculture and animal husbandry structure combining agriculture and animal husbandry, balancing grain and forage, and circulating planting and breeding, realize the integration of planting, breeding and processing and the integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, and promote the sustainable development of agriculture and animal husbandry.
(4) Animal husbandry transformation and upgrading demonstration project.
Increase the standardization construction of the infrastructure of large-scale breeding farms for beef cattle, meat sheep, dairy cows, pigs and poultry in advantageous livestock and poultry breeding regions and major livestock product production areas, focusing on the construction of production facilities and equipment such as family pastures in pastoral areas and standardized breeding sheds in agricultural areas, forage land, silage pits, forage and feed warehouses and sheds, processing and feeding equipment and facilities, and manure treatment facilities, so as to improve the scale level of advantageous livestock breeds, promote the transformation of production methods, and improve comprehensive production capacity. Large-scale farming has become the main body of green development of animal husbandry.
(5) Green livestock product whole industry chain traceability system construction project. Establish a traceability system for advantageous livestock breeds and products, realize traceability of the whole industry chain of production, processing, storage and transportation, and sales, so as to protect and cultivate grassland beef and mutton brands, push grassland beef and mutton to the high-end consumer market, increase the added value of livestock products, and realize quality improvement and efficiency improvement of breeding in pastoral areas. Pastoral areas gradually establish the traceability system network architecture of “one platform, multiple traceability links.” The two major pastoral areas of Xilin Gol and Hulunbuir realize a meat sheep traceability system network covering pastoral areas, and the meat sheep traceability system pilots in other pastoral areas are basically completed. By 2020, relying on the development and application of the autonomous region's big data industry, the standard system for the construction of the whole industry chain traceability system of meat sheep in pastoral areas will be improved, the operation and management system will be further improved, the traceability supervision service platforms at all levels of the autonomous region will operate smoothly, relevant departments, regions, enterprises and breeding households will dock with the autonomous region government government affairs information platform and the league/city traceability supervision service platforms, the unified sharing and exchange mechanism of traceability data will basically take shape, and traceability information will be interconnected throughout the region.
(6) Pastoral area disaster prevention and mitigation demonstration project. Use grassland subsidy and reward follow-up industry funds to further increase the construction of forage reserve warehouses, focusing on building small household reserve warehouses, promote the realization of forage and feed storage in every household, and guarantee forage supply during disasters; use national and autonomous region artificial grassland construction projects and “grain-to-feed” project funds to expand the planting area of high-quality and high-yield forage and silage; use agricultural machinery subsidy policies to increase subsidies for forage planting and harvesting and storage machinery, and improve harvesting and storage capacity; vigorously promote straw utilization methods such as silage, yellow silage, micro-storage, baling and puffing, and continuously improve the efficiency of straw feed utilization. Use national standardized large-scale breeding construction projects, grassland animal husbandry development projects and grassland subsidy and reward follow-up industry funds to increase support for the construction of family pastures in pastoral areas, improve the standardization construction of sheds, especially the construction standards of warm sheds for breeding female livestock overwintering, and reduce the overwintering mortality of adult and young livestock. Implement the emergency disaster resistance machinery and equipment construction project, equip forage transport vehicles, tractors, snow-breaking vehicles and disaster resistance command vehicles, and gradually improve the grassland disaster monitoring and early warning, disaster assessment, and emergency response mechanisms.
VI. Safeguard Measures
(1) Strengthen organizational leadership. Agriculture and animal husbandry departments at all levels shall establish leading groups for promoting the development of animal husbandry, and in accordance with the principles of adapting to local conditions and highlighting key points, clearly implement specific measures to advance the animal husbandry plan, fulfill task responsibilities, and ensure that the goals of the “Plan” are completed on schedule. The autonomous region, leagues/cities and banner counties shall establish supervision and feedback mechanisms, implement the responsibilities of local governments and departments, strengthen supervision and inspection, incorporate the work of promoting the “13th Five-Year” plan into the performance assessment scope of governments and departments at all levels, and promote the implementation of all work.
(2) Strengthen fiscal, financial and insurance support. In accordance with the principles of “unchanged channels, unchanged purposes, each responsible for its own part, and each recording its own merits,” innovate the management mechanism of animal husbandry-related funds, promote fund integration, and provide bundled support for major project construction. Establish a diversified investment and financing mechanism, actively explore effective models for integrating fiscal funds with financial capital and social capital, give play to the leverage role and multiplier effect of fiscal funds, and through government policy promotion and market-oriented operation, use methods such as credit guarantees and interest subsidies to guide and leverage financial capital and social capital to support the construction of modern animal husbandry, injecting strong vitality into the development of animal husbandry. Steadily expand policy-based agricultural insurance for pigs, dairy cows and others, explore the establishment of a policy-based insurance system for animal husbandry suited to regional conditions, include cattle and sheep in policy-based insurance, carry out disaster meteorological index insurance, improve the risk resistance capacity and market competitiveness of animal husbandry, and promote the stable and orderly development of animal husbandry. Establish a sustained and stable investment mechanism for disaster prevention and mitigation in animal husbandry, set up a special disaster prevention and relief fund, incorporate it into the annual fiscal budget, and carry out disaster prevention and mitigation capacity building; establish a reserve fund for emergency relief for major and extraordinarily serious natural disasters and a use system, and improve emergency guarantee capacity.
(3) Enhance scientific and technological support capacity. Integrate the autonomous region's industrial technology system and the strength of scientific research institutes, focus on core technologies such as safe and efficient breeding, improved breed breeding, forage planting and livestock product processing, and strengthen joint research and advanced technology research and development. Strengthen training for grassroots technology promotion backbones and new business entities in feeding and management technology, cultivate a group of new breeding entities who understand technology, can manage and can operate, and improve the level of scientific livestock raising. Accelerate the improvement of the service capacity of animal husbandry technology promotion departments, support farmers and herdsmen cooperatives, professional service companies, professional technical associations, animal husbandry-related enterprises and scientific research and teaching units in carrying out technology promotion services, accelerate the promotion of advanced and applicable technologies such as high-quality forage production, refined management of livestock and poultry breeding, disease prevention and control, and harmless treatment of manure, and effectively solve the “last kilometer” problem of technology promotion.
(4) Increase reform and innovation efforts. Strengthen the supply-side structural reform of animal husbandry, vigorously promote scientific and technological innovation, business method innovation and support and protection system innovation in animal husbandry, and achieve innovation-driven development of animal husbandry. Establish the concept of “coordinated benefit to farmers,” vigorously promote the coordinated development of production and consumption, primary, secondary and tertiary industries, and planting, breeding and processing, and accelerate the formation of a modern agriculture and animal husbandry development structure with balanced supply and demand and industrial integration. Establish the concept of “green prosperity for agriculture,” vigorously develop resource-saving, environment-friendly and ecologically conserving agriculture and animal husbandry, promote efficient resource utilization, stable ecosystems, good production area environments and product quality and safety, and create new growth points for the development of animal husbandry. Establish the concept of “openness assisting agriculture,” coordinate the use of both domestic and international markets and both types of resources, expand the strategic space for the development of animal husbandry, and accelerate the formation of an opening-up pattern for animal husbandry with complementary advantages and mutual benefit and win-win results. Establish the concept of “sharing enriching farmers,” arm animal husbandry with industrialized facilities and transform animal husbandry with information-based means, so that farmers and herdsmen can share more of the fruits of reform and development.