Is pig manure harmful to humans? What can it be used to raise? What are the manure and wastewater treatment technologies for pig farms?

A pig is treasure all over, with no waste at all; even pig manure is an excellent fertilizer for agriculture. Through scientific treatment with a fertilizer fermentation agent, pig manure can be turned into high-quality organic fertilizer.So, is pig manure harmful to humans? What can it be used to raise? What are the manure and wastewater treatment technologies for pig farms?

Is pig manure harmful to humans?

Pig manure contains gases harmful to humans, such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. In addition, pig manure powder from pig pens disperses into the air and can also form substances harmful to humans; therefore, spending long periods in pig pens is harmful to people.

What can pig manure be used to raise?

Pig manure can be used to raise fish, raise maggots, raise earthworms, and so on, and after fermentation it can also be used to grow flowers, vegetables, fruit trees, and so on.

1. However, livestock and poultry manure contains pathogens and pests such as coliform bacteria and nematodes. Applying it directly to farmland will cause crop diseases and insect pests, and may even cause crop death. Therefore, it cannot be used directly; it must be fermented before being applied to farmland. The specific method is:

2. Mix livestock and poultry manure with straw, sawdust, mushroom residue, etc. in an appropriate ratio (manure accounts for 80-90%, other materials account for 10-20%). For 1 ton of material (about 2.5 tons of fresh material), add 1 kg of Jinbaobei fertilizer fermentation agent. Dilute 1 kg of Jinbaobei fertilizer fermentation agent with 5 kg of rice bran (or substitutes such as wheat bran or cornmeal), then evenly sprinkle it into the material pile, mix and ferment. Note that it is best to use rice bran rather than “unified bran”; fresh rice bran is far superior to old rice bran in nutrition and aeration.

3. During the fermentation process, pay attention to proper oxygen supply and turning of the pile, and control the temperature at 55-65°C; too high a temperature affects the nutrients. The moisture of the fermentation material should be controlled at 60-65%. Too high or too low is unfavorable for fermentation: too little water makes fermentation slow; too much water leads to poor aeration, slow heating, and odor. Methods for adjusting material moisture: if moisture is too high, add straw, sawdust, mushroom residue, dry soil powder, etc. How to judge whether the moisture is suitable: tightly grab a handful of material; water marks are visible between the fingers but no water drips, and it breaks apart when dropped.

4. The entire fermentation process generally takes 5-7 days to complete thorough deodorization of the material, fermentation and decomposition, insect killing, and sterilization. The finished organic fertilizer is loose and dark brown, with a slight wine aroma or earthy smell, is rich in nutrients, is safer and more convenient to apply to farmland, and has higher added value when used for nutrient soil for melons, fruits, and vegetables, cash crops, seedlings, and flowers.

What are the manure and wastewater treatment technologies for pig farms?

In recent years, large-scale pig farming has developed rapidly. At present, the proportion of large pig farms with 500 foundation sows and an annual output of more than 10,000 head has increased rapidly, while the proportion of traditional rural backyard pig farming has decreased rapidly. The industrialization process of live pigs has clearly accelerated, and large-scale and intensive pig farming enterprises have increased year by year; this will be an inevitable trend in the future development of the pig farming industry. At the same time, large-scale and intensive pig farms or breeding communities pollute the environment, including soil, air, and water sources. Pig farm manure and wastewater treatment technologies include static composting of pig farm manure and anaerobic fermentation utilization technology for pig farm wastewater.

1. Multi-stage static aerated composting of pig farm manure. Pig manure is treated by a multi-stage static aerated composting method. This method includes a composting material storage workshop, a high-temperature fermentation workshop, a medium-temperature after-ripening workshop, and a composting deodorization workshop. The manure collected daily at the pig farm is mixed with auxiliary materials in an appropriate ratio and stored in the composting material storage workshop. After 7 days, when manure mixing is completed, it is transferred together to a high-temperature fermentation workshop for the first week of fermentation treatment. After one week, it is transferred to the next high-temperature fermentation workshop for the second week of fermentation, and so on. After 4 weeks of high-temperature fermentation, the compost mixture is transferred to a medium-temperature fermentation workshop for post-fermentation ripening. After one month, it is transferred to a second medium-temperature workshop for further after-ripening for a period of time, and pig manure compost can then be produced.

2. Technology for farmland utilization of pig farm wastewater after anaerobic fermentation. After anaerobic treatment of pig farm wastewater, the anaerobic effluent can be directly dried, and the dried solids can be used as organic fertilizer in agriculture. The anaerobic effluent can also be used directly as liquid fertilizer through pipes laid in the field or liquid fertilizer application equipment for growing crops, forage grass, vegetables, and fruit trees. In anaerobic effluent used as liquid fertilizer, there should be no live schistosome eggs or hookworm eggs, the sedimentation rate of Ascaris eggs should be above 95%, and the fecal coliform value should be 10~10. The application amount of liquid manure should be determined by calculation based on soil fertility, crop type and expected target yield, and in combination with the nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient content in the anaerobic effluent. Excessive application is not suitable, so as to avoid environmental pollution caused by fertilization.