What are the precautions for pig immunization? Key points explained in detail
We all know that immunization can prevent some diseases. I remember when I was a child, my uncle's family raised many pigs. After buying them home, they would ask the staff from the epidemic prevention station to come to the house to help vaccinate the pigs. So during the immunization process, what are the precautions? The key points are explained in detail for everyone as follows:
1. Determining the timing of pig immunization
The timing of the first immunization needs to be determined based on factors such as the level of maternal antibodies, the contamination situation on the pig farm, the health status of the pigs themselves (pay attention to hidden infection or atypical cases of disease), the type of vaccine, and the duration of immunity.
2. Choosing the quality of vaccines for pig immunization
The choice of vaccine quality is related to the effect of pig vaccination, so when vaccinating, you must choose vaccines purchased by the government or vaccines produced by manufacturers with GMP certification and an approval number. Do not buy from illegal business units, so as to avoid purchasing fake and inferior vaccines. If vaccines are found to be expired, discolored, contaminated, moldy, have clumps or foreign matter that cannot be shaken loose, have no label or unclear labels, have cracked bottles, have poorly sealed stoppers, have lost vacuum, or liquid vaccines that have been frozen, they must not be used.
3. Safety protection for pig immunization
(1) Protection for immunization personnel
When immunization personnel carry out vaccination, they need to pay attention to personal protection. They are required to wear work clothes or protective clothing, rubber boots, disposable hats, and gloves, and wear masks when necessary. Smoking and eating are prohibited. They must strictly disinfect when leaving the pig house.
(2) Restraint for pig immunization
Pigs can be restrained by hand, with rope loops, or in lateral recumbency, etc., to reduce as much as possible the harm to immunization personnel caused by restless pigs.
4. Aseptic operating procedures for pig immunization
(1) Instrument disinfection
The injection process should be strictly disinfected. Syringes should be washed clean and boiled. Needles should be replaced for each pig, and one syringe must not be used to mix multiple vaccines.
(2) Disinfection of the injection site
The injection site on the pig needs to be disinfected with iodine tincture or alcohol, and disinfection should be done against the direction of the hair.
(3) Changing needles
It is best to use one needle per pig for pig vaccination to avoid cross-contamination, especially during emergency immunization or when pigs on the farm have hidden infections of disease, which is very important.
5. Correct use of vaccines
Before use, you must read the vaccine instructions in detail to understand its purpose, usage, dosage, and precautions, etc. During use, avoid direct sunlight and keep it at room temperature. Vaccines just taken out of the refrigerator should be allowed to return to room temperature. After opening, they should be used up as soon as possible. After dilution, they should be used within the time specified in the vaccine instructions.
6. Pay attention to stress reactions
After pigs are vaccinated, feeding management should be strengthened to reduce stress. When unavoidable stress is encountered, anti-stress agents such as water-soluble multivitamins and vitamin C can be added to drinking water, which can effectively relieve and reduce various stress reactions and enhance the immune effect.
7. Precautions before and after vaccination
(1) In the week before and after immunization, do not use drugs that suppress immune responses such as adrenal corticosteroids;
(2) For attenuated bacterial vaccines, do not use antibacterial drugs in the week before and after immunization;
(3) Within 2 hours before and after oral vaccination, it is forbidden to feed distillers grains, antibiotic residues (such as lincomycin residue, oxytetracycline residue, etc.), or fermented feed, so as not to affect the immune effect.
Summary: The above is an introduction to the effects and precautions of pig immunization, and I hope it can help farmer friends in need. This article is compiled from relevant professional knowledge.