How to prevent the occurrence of small silkworms and lost silkworms, and increase silkworm cocoon yield?
The level of silkworm cocoon yield is not only related to the weight of a single cocoon, but to a large extent depends on the number of silkworms per sheet of eggs, so preventing the occurrence of small silkworms and lost silkworms during rearing is an effective measure to increase the yield per sheet of eggs.
1. Reasonable temperature and humidity
During the young silkworm stage, reasonable temperature and humidity should be maintained. For instars 1-2, low temperatures must be prevented, with 27C as the center and a wet-dry difference of 0.5C; for instar 3 silkworms, 25-26C with a wet-dry difference of about IC; for instar 4 silkworms, 24-25C with a wet-dry difference of 1-1.5C. If the temperature is too high or too low, or fluctuates abruptly, or if there is low temperature with excessive moisture, hidden silkworms are prone to occur.
2. Carefully select good leaves
For the leaves used for newly hatched silkworms and instars 1-2, choose suitably mature but somewhat tender leaves with fresh leaf quality. Do not use old leaves or immature leaves, otherwise small silkworms are easily formed. During the mid-feeding and peak-feeding periods, also choose fresh, somewhat tender mulberry leaves to feed the silkworms.
3. Keep the silkworm bed sparse, even and flat
Even and appropriately sparse distribution of the silkworms can not only promote individual development, but also make the silkworm bodies develop neatly and robustly. The silkworm bed area for each instar is respectively: instar 1 1.1 sq m, instar 2 2.2 sq m, instar 3 5.5 sq m, instar 4 16 sq m, instar 5 35 sq m. If the silkworms are too dense, it affects their feeding on mulberry leaves. The size of cut leaves and the amount of leaves given must both be appropriate. If the cut leaves are too large or too many leaves are given, hidden silkworms are prone to occur, and silkworms eating residual leaves will also become weak and small. At the same time, when expanding the bed, it must be kept flat, especially when expanding the bed before molting. Do not randomly turn over the silkworm bed, to prevent silkworms from falling from the gaps to the lower layer, feeding insufficiently on mulberry leaves, and becoming small silkworms.
4. Pick out and rear in batches
When more than 95% of the silkworms have settled into sleep, for the few green-headed silkworms, burnt chaff can be used to stop leaf feeding, then a net can be added and a small amount of mulberry leaves scattered on it. When the green-headed silkworms climb onto the net to eat leaves, remove the net, merge them and rear them separately, to prevent the silkworms from becoming weak and small due to hungry sleep.
5. Feed at the proper time after molting
If feeding after molting is too early, the newly molted silkworms will eat mulberry leaves at different times, easily causing uneven development of the silkworms. The leaves used for feeding after molting should be fresh and somewhat tender, and feeding should be even, to prevent the formation of weak and small silkworms.
6. Light exposure and ventilation
Half an hour before giving mulberry leaves, uncover the silkworm film for light exposure and ventilation. At the same time, do a good job of swapping the silkworm trays from top to bottom and inside to outside, striving for even light, to prevent the occurrence of hidden silkworms and lost silkworms. 7. Commonly use burnt chaff and lime
During the rearing of instars 1-2 silkworms, before giving mulberry leaves, often use three-seven burnt chaff (that is, three parts lime and seven parts burnt chaff). When humidity is high, it not only has a drying effect, but also serves the purpose of disinfection and disease prevention. At the same time, it can also prompt the silkworms not to eat residual mulberry leaves, reducing the occurrence of hidden silkworms.
In addition, molting removal and post-molting removal must be done carefully to reduce lost silkworms. If the silkworms develop unevenly, the silkworm droppings after post-molting removal should be temporarily spread on the ground, and fresh mulberry leaves used to lure out the late-molting silkworms, which should then be carefully reared separately.
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