What are the symptoms and control measures of fish scale protrusion disease?
Scale protrusion disease is a disease that is highly prone to spreading in fish during the winter and spring seasons. The disease mainly affects carp, crucian carp, goldfish, tilapia, grass carp, silver carp and other fish. It occurs more frequently every spring. In some diseased fish, the scales open outward and stand up like pine cones, and there are symptoms such as rotten fins, congestion at the base of the fin rays, and abdominal swelling. The symptoms and control measures of fish scale protrusion disease are introduced as follows:
1. Symptoms of scale protrusion disease
Diseased fish swim alone away from the group, move slowly, respond sluggishly, and float on the water surface. The fish body turns black, the body surface is rough, the scales stand upright, and there is exudate under the scales; when pressed by hand, the exudate will spray out from under the scales. The scales fall off, the eyeballs protrude, the abdomen swells, and there is fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity. The diseased fish are anemic, the gills, liver, spleen, and kidneys become pale in color, and the epidermis of the gills is congested.
2. Diagnosis of scale protrusion disease
Diagnosis can be made based on typical symptoms, such as upright scales, exudate under the scales, and exudate spraying when the scales are pressed by hand. If the exudate is examined under a microscope, a judgment can be made if there are large numbers of Gram-negative bacteria
3. Control measures for scale protrusion disease
1. Clear the pond and disinfect it
When clearing the pond, dig out excess sludge and use quicklime or bleaching powder to clear the pond and disinfect it.
2. Do not injure the fish body
During fishing, counting, transportation, and stocking, operate as carefully as possible and do not injure the fish body.
3. Add fresh water
Adding fresh water in the early stage of the disease can stop the spread of the disease.
4. Soak and wash with garlic
Add 0.5 kg of mashed garlic to 100 kg of water and soak and wash the diseased fish several times.
5. Soak and wash with baking soda
Before spring stocking, use a mixture of 3% baking soda solution and 2% salt water to bathe the fingerlings for 4~10 minutes.
6. Sprinkle lime water
During the disease season, sprinkle quicklime water solution over the whole pond 1~2 times a month to keep the pond water pH at around 8.
7. Apply Chinese herbal medicine
Use the extract of the Chinese herbal medicines Sophora flavescens or mugwort leaves to soak and wash the diseased fish for 20 minutes, once a day, for 4~5 consecutive times. Alternatively, for 667 sq m of water surface, use 2500 g of Sophora flavescens or mugwort leaves, decoct them in water to make a concentrated juice 3 times and mix, sprinkle over the whole pond once a day, and use continuously for 3~5 days.
8. Erythromycin water
For every sq m of water surface, use 0.3 g of livestock erythromycin and sprinkle it over the whole pond, once a day, for 3~5 consecutive days.
9. Oral oxytetracycline
Add 2~4 g of oxytetracycline to every kg of feed and feed continuously for 3~6 days.
10. Apply mixed medicinal solution
For every cubic meter of water, use 5 g of copper sulfate, 2 g of ferrous sulfate, and 10 g of bleaching powder, and soak and wash the diseased fish for about 8 minutes. Alternatively, for every cubic meter of water, use 1 g of copper sulfate, 0.5 g of ferrous sulfate, and 2 g of bleaching powder, sprinkle over the whole pond once every other day, and use continuously for 2~3 times.