What preventive drugs are available for African swine fever?

The African swine fever virus does not infect humans, is not a zoonosis, and poses no public health hazard. However, since there is currently no effective vaccine or treatment, but high temperatures and disinfectants can effectively kill the virus, once an outbreak occurs, all pigs at the affected farm and within 3 kilometers around it are culled, bringing huge economic losses to the pig farming industry. Therefore, biosecurity (including disinfection) measures are the last line of defense for the prevention and control of African swine fever.

Types of drugs

(1) The most effective disinfectants are detergents, hypochlorites, alkalis and glutaraldehyde.

(2) 2-3% sodium hydroxide (30 minutes), 10% hypochlorite (30 minutes), 0.5% formalin spray (30 minutes) or fumigation disinfection at 2.5ml/m3, and 3% o-phenylphenol (30 minutes) can inactivate the virus.

(3) Alkalis (sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, etc.), chlorides and phenolic compounds are suitable for disinfecting buildings, wooden structures, cement surfaces, vehicles and related facilities and equipment, while alcohol and iodides are suitable for personnel disinfection.

(4) Equipment that is difficult to disinfect (such as metal items, etc.) should be placed in direct sunlight or disinfected with a flame.

Disinfection methods

(1) Prepare a 2-3% caustic soda solution in the disinfection pool at the vehicle entrance of the pig farm; vehicles must stop for 30min of disinfection before entering; the vehicle body should be spray-disinfected with 1:800 Wudi (glutaraldehyde + didecyldimethylammonium bromide);

(2) The personnel disinfection channel should be spray-disinfected with 1:100 Wudi;

(3) The ground and buildings inside the pig farm should be disinfected with 1:800 Wudi or 2% caustic soda solution, with increased disinfection frequency, which can be 4 times a day or more;

(4) Feed trucks, manure trucks and other equipment should be disinfected with 1:800 Wudi after being cleaned;

(5) Feed troughs and pigs can be spray-disinfected with 1:800 Weihu (iodine, potassium iodide); be careful to avoid excessive humidity;

(6) Pig farm personnel should pay attention to washing their hands frequently with soapy water, changing clothes frequently, and after washing, clothes are best disinfected by irradiation with an ultraviolet lamp;

(7) Feces, urine and other waste should be spray-disinfected with 3% caustic soda solution;

(8) Empty barn disinfection should be carried out according to the pig farm disinfection procedure.