Where are the main producing areas of Scutellaria baicalensis? A complete overview of the latest production area distribution
Scutellaria baicalensis, also known as Shancha root, Tujincha root, etc., is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Scutellaria in the Lamiaceae family. Its root is used as medicine; it is bitter in taste and cold in nature, and has effects such as clearing heat and drying dampness, purging fire and detoxifying, stopping bleeding, and calming the fetus. Its production areas are mainly located in Heilongjiang, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Henan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Sichuan and other places. Let us take a look together below!
Production area distribution of Scutellaria baicalensis
The main production areas for cultivated Scutellaria baicalensis are the four major production areas of Shandong, Shaanxi, Shanxi and Gansu. Among them, they are concentrated in Nanfan Town, Jiangxian County, Shanxi; Yaofeng Town, Xiaxian County, Yuncheng City; Wan'an Town, Xinjiang County; Wanrong County; Xuedian Town, Wenxi County and other places; Shangluo, Shaanxi; Qiaonan Town, Linwei District, Weinan; Xiaoyi Town, Shangzhou District, Shangzhou City; Jingcun Town, Luonan County; Dihua Town, Danfeng County; Yecun Town, Shangluo City; Shangzhen, Danfeng County and other places; the Yimeng Mountain area of Shandong; Kushan Township, Ju County; Chayekou Town, Laiwu City; Fuguanzhuang Township and other places; and Gansu mainly produces in Longxi, Weiyuan and Zhangxian, with secondary production in Minxian, Dangchang, Hexi and other places as the main production areas.
The production areas of wild Scutellaria baicalensis are mainly distributed in the central and eastern parts of Inner Mongolia, China and most of the three northeastern provinces, with several of the largest-scale production areas in Chengde, Hebei and Chifeng, Inner Mongolia. It is also distributed in Eastern Siberia in Russia, Mongolia, Korea and Japan.
Growing environment of Scutellaria baicalensis
Wild Scutellaria baicalensis grows on sunny and relatively dry places such as mountaintops, hillsides, forest edges and roadsides. It prefers warmth and tolerates severe cold. The underground part of adult plants can still safely overwinter at a low temperature of -35°C, and will not die from a high temperature of 35°C, but it cannot withstand continuous high-temperature weather above 40°C. It is drought-tolerant and afraid of waterlogging. If there is standing water in the field or too much rain, growth will be poor, and in severe cases the roots will rot and the plant will die. Land with poor drainage is not suitable for planting. The soil should be loam and sandy loam, and neutral and slightly alkaline pH are preferable. Continuous cropping should be avoided.
Variety distribution of Scutellaria baicalensis
1. Scutellaria amoena: Scutellaria amoena, also known as southwest Scutellaria, small Scutellaria, Tiaoqin, Ziqin, Kuqin, etc., is produced in south-central, central to northwestern Yunnan, southern Sichuan and northwestern Guizhou. It grows in grassy areas under Yunnan pine forests at an altitude of about 1300-3000 m. Its rhizome is used as medicine; in addition, its stems and leaves can be used as a tea substitute.
2. Scutellaria viscidula: Scutellaria viscidula, also known as glandular-haired Scutellaria, Xiri-Babu, Xiri-Hunqin, etc., has the largest output in Hinggan League, Chifeng City, Xilin Gol League, Ulanqab League, Ih Ju League and other places. It grows in sandy gravel land, farmland, abandoned land and roadsides, often forming clusters.
3. Scutellaria jinyunensis: Scutellaria jinyunensis is a perennial herbaceous plant of the order Lamiales, family Lamiaceae, mainly produced in Ba County, Sichuan, and grows under forest shade at an altitude of 670-820 m.
4. Scutellaria kansuensis: Scutellaria kansuensis is a plant species under the genus Scutellaria in the Lamiaceae family, mainly produced in Gansu, Shaanxi, Shanxi and other places, and grows on sunny grassy slopes in mountainous areas at an altitude of 1300-3150 m.