How to prevent and control Aspergillus disease in reishi mushrooms? A detailed explanation of the latest methods
Aspergillus disease in reishi mushrooms is the most common disease during reishi cultivation, caused by Aspergillus fungi. Aspergillus fungi belong to the genus Aspergillus, family Moniliaceae, order Moniliales, class Hyphomycetes, subdivision Deuteromycotina. There are many species, and the most widespread damaging ones are Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. Now let us take a look together at the prevention and control methods for Aspergillus disease in reishi mushrooms!
Symptoms of damage from Aspergillus disease in reishi mushrooms
After the reishi cultivation substrate is contaminated by Aspergillus flavus, the colonies appear yellow to yellow-green, while Aspergillus niger appears black. They grow and spread very quickly, absorbing nutrients and water. The aflatoxin secreted by Aspergillus flavus is a very strong carcinogenic substance, and the high concentrations of spores produced by Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus can easily cause aspergillosis, also called “mushroom worker's lung”, when inhaled into the lungs.
Patterns of occurrence of Aspergillus disease in reishi mushrooms
1. Transmission route: Aspergillus is widely present in soil, air and decaying organic matter, and its conidia are spread by airflow.
2. Conditions for occurrence: Aspergillus mainly uses starch and also has the ability to decompose cellulose. Bamboo cultivation bed frames are extremely prone to producing it under conditions of high humidity and poor ventilation. The pH suitable for Aspergillus growth is near neutral. It has a relatively wide temperature adaptation range. The optimum growth temperature for Aspergillus niger is 20-30°C, and for Aspergillus flavus is 25-30°C. In compost piles it can survive at 45°C for 30 minutes.
Prevention and control methods for Aspergillus disease in reishi mushrooms
1. Do a good job of sanitation in the culture room, cultivation site and other areas, and eliminate sources of contamination.
2. Strictly sterilize the culture medium. Sawdust, straw materials and the like need to be sun-dried and then composted or sterilized.
3. When mixing the materials, adding 1×l0-6 of Shibaogong or 5×10-6 carbendazim can inhibit the growth of Aspergillus flavus and black mold.