Latest market analysis of dendrobium officinale cultivation costs
Dendrobium officinale has various benefits such as nourishing the stomach and intestines, clearing the lungs, moisturizing the skin, and most importantly, boosting human immunity. Cultivation is mainly carried out in greenhouses. The construction of the greenhouse must ensure ventilation, shade and rain protection, and insect-proof netting. In addition, according to the growth habits of dendrobium officinale, natural factors such as light, temperature, humidity, and ventilation of the site should be considered. Now let us take a look at the cultivation cost of dendrobium officinale!
Cultivation environment for dendrobium officinale
The growth temperature requirement is between 8 and 32 degrees C, with about 25 degrees C during the growing period. In hot seasons, with good ventilation conditions, it can reach about 32 degrees C, but this should not last too long. In winter, the requirement is above 8 degrees C, with a frost-free period of more than 250—300 days. The growth and development of dendrobium officinale require relatively high air humidity, but it is not tolerant of waterlogging. If the moisture around the roots is too heavy, the root system will rot. Generally, the moisture content around the root zone should be about 30%. Dendrobium officinale cultivation should maintain good ventilation. Poor ventilation may lead to thin and weak stems and serious pests and diseases. Choosing a place with good ambient air quality, no mines nearby, and good ventilation plays an extremely important role in the growth and development of dendrobium officinale. To cultivate dendrobium officinale, the five major factors of “warmth”, “moisture”, “ventilation”, “air permeability”, and “water filtration” must be met to build an environment suitable for dendrobium officinale cultivation.
Cultivation cycle of dendrobium officinale
Although dendrobium officinale is a perennial plant, like other orchids, its vegetative growth is completed within one growing season (within one year), which means that the accumulation of its active ingredients can be completed in one year. In some areas, such as Xishuangbanna in Yunnan and eastern Guangdong, due to high autumn temperatures and warm winters, autumn buds sprout, and these autumn buds grow across the year, generally ending vegetative growth in October to November of the following year. In short, vegetative growth is all within one growing season.
By February to June of the following year, new buds sprout again, and at the same time flowering and fruiting occur, that is, reproductive growth, with the fruit maturing from October to December. At this point, this plant enters the death phase. Therefore, in theory, dendrobium officinale can be harvested as a finished product after one year of cultivation. However, due to differences in cultivation levels and the quality of tissue-cultured seedlings, in some places one year of growth cannot form a yield and only serves to provide nutrients for the small buds that sprout the following year, so it must go through two or more growing seasons to form a certain yield.
Cultivation cost of dendrobium officinale
1. Greenhouse construction: Steel-frame greenhouse construction requires materials: galvanized 50 pipe with a specification of 6 m long and 15 cm thick. Greenhouse anti-drip film, manual film winder, shade net, and other greenhouse construction accessories, labor costs, etc., total construction price 40 yuan per sq m, totaling 26640 yuan per mu.
2. Seedbed construction: Built with angle steel, including: 3X3 angle iron, 2 li thick, geotextile separation net, shade net, labor costs totaling 20 yuan per sq m, totaling 13320 yuan per mu.
3. Tissue-cultured seedling planting: Each bottle of seedlings averages 20 plants, and the current price is 3 yuan per bottle. The planting spacing is calculated at 10 cm × 10 cm, with a planting standard of 3 plants per clump, 100 clumps per sq m, and an effective seedbed area of 450 sq m per mu, totaling 135000 plants planted per mu, requiring a total of 6750 bottles of seedlings. At the current price of 3 yuan per bottle, the total cost of bottle seedlings per mu is 20250 yuan.
4. Sprinkler irrigation equipment: Calculated according to high quality requirements, 8 yuan per sq m, totaling 5328 yuan per mu.
5. Sawdust: One mu requires 360 bags of sawdust. The current market price is 12 yuan per bag, totaling 4320 yuan per mu.
6. Details such as disinfectants required for planting, water and electricity costs, land rent (not included in the budget because prices vary greatly by location), etc. have not been calculated.
Total: Cultivating one mu of dendrobium officinale requires greenhouse construction 26640 yuan + seedbed construction 13320 yuan + tissue-cultured seedlings 20250 yuan + sprinkler irrigation facilities 5328 yuan + sawdust 4320 yuan = 69858 yuan. An investment of about 70000 yuan per mu can yield harvests for 6 to 7 years. In the second year, 200 kg can be harvested. From the third to fifth years, 400 kg can be harvested. After the sixth year, the annual yield begins to decline. The current purchase price is around 300 per kg.