When is the latest planting time for Paris polyphylla?

Paris polyphylla grows on mountain slopes under forest and in shaded, damp places in thickets. It likes warmth, moisture and shade, but is also cold-resistant and drought-tolerant, and fears frost and direct sunlight. It can be planted in sandy soil and loam soil with an average annual temperature of 13-18°C and high organic matter and humus content, especially along rivers, by ravine edges and on shaded mountain sites. Let us take a look below at the planting time for Paris polyphylla!

Seed treatment for Paris polyphylla

Paris polyphylla seeds have a long dormancy period and a low natural germination rate. Artificial methods are used to break dormancy, increase the germination rate and shorten the growth cycle. The method is to combine alternating-temperature stratification with plant hormone treatment to break dormancy, and to investigate the effects of temperature, substrate and light on its germination. The results showed that Paris polyphylla embryos have a secondary dormancy phenomenon. After alternating-temperature cold storage stratification with fine sand, followed by treatment with 50-100 mg/L GA for 24 hours, using fine sand as the substrate and germinating at 20°C for 60 days, the germination rate can reach more than 90%.

Planting time for Paris polyphylla

1. Direct seeding: The direct seeding time for Paris polyphylla is usually in early to mid-January, after thorough rain. On the prepared seedbed surface, make small shallow holes 3-5 cm deep with a row spacing of 30-35 cm and a plant spacing of 20-25 cm. Make 4 rows on a narrow bed 130 cm wide, and 1 row on a wide bed 150 cm wide. Before sowing, soak the seeds in cold water for 24 hours, mix with plant ash and sow. Put 2-3 seeds in each hole. After pressing, cover with 2-3 cm of fertilizer soil made of half fine manure and half fine soil. If the soil is dry, water in time, and seedlings will emerge in 7-10 days.

2. Seedling raising and transplanting: The seedling raising time for Paris polyphylla is usually in early April. Choose a seedbed in dry land or vegetable garden land with a water source. Before digging the land, it is best to mix 5-10 grams of 40% quintozene per sq m with fine soil and spread it to disinfect the soil. After leveling and finely breaking up the bed surface, open sowing furrows about 5 cm deep on the bed surface at a row spacing of 15 cm, sow in the furrows at a plant spacing of 5 cm, then cover with 3 cm of soil, cover with 2 cm of fine manure, water thoroughly and cover with plastic film. Seedlings can emerge in 5-7 days. One month after raising seedlings, transplant the small seedlings into the field according to the direct seeding specifications.

3. Rhizome planting: In autumn and winter, dig up robust rhizomes free of pests and diseases and store them in sand in a cool, dry place. Take them out in early to mid-April of the following year. According to the characteristics of residual buds and bud scars on stems with germination ability, cut them into small sections, ensuring each section has 1 bud scar. After cutting, dry them properly and mix with plant ash, then plant them in rows in the seedbed as when sowing, and cover with film. After 15-20 days, when roots and buds have grown, transplant them into the field in mid-to-late May according to the direct seeding specifications.

Planting management for Paris polyphylla

1. Thinning: In mid-to-late May, thin the directly seeded land, and at the same time check the holes and fill gaps. Before thinning, water first, use a wooden stick to pry out the seedlings, and when replanting water with setting water. Make full use of small seedlings to ensure a full stand and sufficient density.

2. Intertillage: Paris polyphylla requires loose soil. The aboveground growth is relatively weak, so special attention should be paid to loosening the soil and removing weeds. From late May to early June, there is a lot of heavy rain, and the soil easily becomes compacted. Drain in time, prevent waterlogging, cultivate frequently, loosen the soil shallowly, and always pay attention to removing weeds.

3. Weeding: After the seedlings are uniform or after transplanting, weed and loosen the soil in time. Hoe frequently and shallowly to avoid damaging the roots and affecting growth. Usually cover the bed surface with grass to retain moisture.

4. Fertilizing: For cultivated Paris polyphylla, the base fertilizer used accounts for 70-80% of the total fertilizer and must be applied into the soil before transplanting. Later topdressing can only account for about 20% of the total fertilizer. After the seedlings emerge each year, apply human manure water once. Do not use or use little chemical fertilizer, and do not use chemical nitrogen fertilizer.

5. Water management: Paris polyphylla likes a shady and damp environment. The bed surface and soil layer should be kept moist. In dry seasons, water in time, and spray water at intervals at ordinary times. In the rainy season, dredge ditches and drain in time to prevent water accumulation in the field and avoid inducing diseases.

6. Removing flower stems: To reduce nutrient consumption and concentrate nutrients for the growth of underground tubers, when flower stems appear in May-June, except for those kept for seed, all flower stems should be cut off in time to increase yield.

7. Shading: Paris polyphylla likes shade and fears strong light. Throughout the whole growth period, a light transmittance of 40-50% is best. Therefore, after seedling emergence and transplanting, shading measures should be taken. Where conditions permit, shade nets are best. Where conditions do not permit, inserting branches for shade can be used. Interplanting tall crops such as corn between rows for shade can also be considered, but attention should be paid to density and interplanting and relay-cropping methods.

8. Earthing up: Paris polyphylla usually has a growth pattern in which the tuber below enlarges while flowering above. Generally, enlargement is fastest from mid-to-late June to August. In early June, heavy topdressing must be applied, using 2000-3000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure per mu, plus 20-30 kg of ordinary calcium superphosphate. Apply it at the roots, then combine with cleaning ditches and earth up heavily. The soil used for earthing up must be loose, and no water should accumulate on the bed surface or at the bottom of the ditches.

9. Harvesting: Paris polyphylla can be harvested in autumn before and after the stems fall, that is, from November-December to before March of the following year. Tubers mostly grow in the surface soil layer and are easy to dig, but care should be taken to keep the tubers intact. First cut off the stems and leaves, then dig from the side with a hoe, dig out the tubers, shake off the soil, scrub clean with clean water, slice while fresh, with a slice thickness of 2-3 mm, and dry in the sun. On cloudy days, they can be dried over a low fire at about 30°C.