What is the latest price of Cornus officinalis seeds? With planting methods included
Cornus officinalis, also known as shanzhu meat, Tianmu seed, shizao'er and so on, is a deciduous tree or shrub of the genus Cornus in the family Cornaceae. After the mature dried fruit is pitted, it becomes the precious medicinal material shanyu meat, which has the effect of nourishing the liver and tonifying the kidney and securing the kidney and astringing essence, and is suitable for soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, seminal emission and spermatorrhea, and dizziness and tinnitus caused by liver and kidney deficiency. Now let us take a look together at the price of Cornus officinalis seeds and the planting methods!
How much is one jin of Cornus officinalis seeds?
The price of Cornus officinalis seeds is about 20-30 yuan per jin, but the price varies depending on seed quality, variety, place of origin and market. Cornus officinalis is a positive tree species of the warm temperate zone. The suitable growth temperature is 20-30°C, it has strong cold resistance and can withstand a brief low temperature of -18°C. It is relatively shade-tolerant but also likes sufficient light. It is suitable for planting in well-drained, organic-rich, fertile sandy loam soil. Propagation methods include sowing, layering, cutting and grafting. In production, seed propagation and grafting propagation are mainly used. For sowing propagation, the seed amount is 0.9-1.5 jin per mu.
Sowing methods for Cornus officinalis
1. Land preparation and fertilization: Before sowing Cornus officinalis, the seedling land must be deeply plowed and finely harrowed, leveled and finely prepared, ensuring it is loose, fine, level, and free of tree roots, stones and tiles. The plowing depth should be more than 20 cm. Importantly, well-decomposed farmyard manure should be applied together with deep plowing.
2. Seed collection: For Cornus officinalis seeds, select excellent mother trees that grow robustly, are in the full fruiting stage, and have no alternate bearing. Pick fully mature, large and plump, pest-free, undamaged, dark red fruits from September to October, and remove the flesh from the picked fruits.
3. Seed treatment: Rub Cornus officinalis seeds with 5% alkaline water for 5 minutes, then scald them with boiling water, stirring while pouring the boiling water. After the water cools slightly, rub for another 5 minutes. Soak in cold water for 24 hours, then remove the seeds and sun-dry them for 8 hours, repeating for at least 3 days. When 90% of the seed shells have cracks, mix with wet sand and store in sand.
4. Sowing method: Spring sowing and seedling raising of Cornus officinalis is carried out around the Spring Equinox. Before sowing, open shallow furrows about 5 cm deep on the bed at a row spacing of 30 cm, evenly scatter the seeds into the furrows, cover with 3-4 cm of soil, and keep the soil moist. Seedlings can emerge in 40-50 days.
Planting methods for Cornus officinalis
1. Planting density: It is suitable to plant 30-50 Cornus officinalis plants per mu. If intercropping with other shrubs or trees, only about 20 plants can be planted. The overall layout is best arranged in a square. Cultivation land with good conditions should be sparser, while cultivation land with poor conditions can be denser.
2. Planting time: Cornus officinalis is planted during the dormant period. At this time, both temperature and moisture are gradually rising, making it the most suitable planting period. It is generally carried out from December to January of the following year. After January, the survival rate of transplanting decreases significantly.
3. Planting method: Cornus officinalis seedlings should be lifted on cloudy days, with soil kept on the roots. Before planting, prune the root system and dip it in mud slurry to protect the seedlings from damage. The root system must not be exposed to the sun or wind. In each prepared planting hole, apply 2 kg of barnyard manure, mix it evenly with soil, and then plant.
Management techniques for Cornus officinalis
1. Expanding holes and earthing up: After planting Cornus officinalis, expand the holes and earth up in time, enlarge the tree basin, mature the soil, create good soil conditions for the root system, and increase the range for absorbing nutrients. In the first few years of young tree growth, carry out hole expansion and soil improvement outside the planting holes to a depth of 30-40 cm.
2. Reasonable interplanting: In the 3-4 years after planting Cornus officinalis, the gaps between its rows and plants can be used to interplant short-stalk crops, green manure crops or other herbaceous medicinal materials, but the density should not be too high.
3. Cultivation and weeding: In the first 3 years after planting Cornus officinalis, cultivation and weeding can be carried out 2-3 times per year depending on the situation. For comprehensively managed garden land, this can be combined with interplanted crops. During operation, care should be taken not to damage the young trees and root system.
4. Timely fertilization: Fertilization of Cornus officinalis should be applied at the appropriate time and reasonably according to growth habits, growth vigor and fruiting amount, and attention should be paid to combining organic fertilizer with chemical fertilizer, combining nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and combining soil fertilization with foliar spraying.
5. Training and pruning: After planting Cornus officinalis, training and pruning can adjust the tree form, improve the utilization rate of space and light energy, regulate the balance among various parts of the tree, and achieve the goals of early fruiting, more fruiting, stable yield with good quality, and increased economic benefits.
6. Timely flower thinning: Cornus officinalis has a large flowering amount, consumes much nutrients, thereby reducing the fruit-setting rate and causing alternate bearing. For this reason, in a heavy fruiting year, in addition to heavily cutting branches in winter and controlling flower amount, flower thinning can be carried out when it blooms in March.
7. Reasonable irrigation: After planting and during the flowering and young fruit stages of mature trees of Cornus officinalis, or when drought occurs in summer and autumn, water in time to keep the soil moist, ensuring the survival of seedlings and preventing drought-induced flower and fruit drop that causes yield reduction.
Pest and disease control of Cornus officinalis
1. Angular leaf spot: Angular leaf spot damages leaves. Before spring germination, clear away fallen leaves under the trees to reduce infection sources. Starting in June, spray 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture once a month for a total of 3 sprays. Zineb at 400-500 times can also be sprayed.
2. Anthracnose: Anthracnose damages fruits. Black fruits and half-black fruits occur in mid-June. At the initial stage of the disease, spray 1:1:100 Bordeaux mixture. In the middle stage, spray 50% carbendazim 800-1000 times solution in the early and middle ten days of each month.
3. Powdery mildew: Powdery mildew damages leaves. During control, plant reasonably densely to allow ventilation and light transmission in the grove and promote robust plants. At the initial stage of disease, spray 50% thiophanate 1000 times solution.
3. Fruit-boring moth: The fruit-boring moth bores into and eats the flesh. For control, during the peak emergence period of adults, spray 2.5% deltamethrin 5000-8000 times solution or 20% fenvalerate 2000-4000 times solution.
4. Big bagworm: Big bagworm larvae bite and eat leaves. During the occurrence period, spray 10% fenvalerate 2000-3000 times solution, or spray 90% trichlorfon 800-1000 times solution, or 40% omethoate 1000 times solution.
5. Mulberry looper: Mulberry looper (also called bridge-building worm) larvae bite and eat leaves. In July, during the peak larval period, for 1st-2nd instar young trees, spray 2.5% rotenone 500-600 times solution or 90% trichlorfon 1000 times solution in time for control.
6. Leafhopper: Leafhopper adults pierce and suck tender branches and leaves. Spray 50% phosphamidon emulsion 2000 times solution, 40% dimethoate 600 times solution, or pyrethroid pesticides 5000-8000 times solution.
7. Slug moth: Young slug moth larvae nibble leaf flesh, while older larvae mostly eat along leaf edges. During the larval stage, spray deltamethrin 5000-8000 times solution, 90% trichlorfon 800 times solution, or spray 80% dichlorvos 1000 times solution or 50% malathion 1500 times solution.
8. Wood borer moth: At the newly hatched larval stage, spray 50% parathion emulsion 400 times solution on the trunk to kill the larvae. After the larvae bore into the xylem, inject 40% dimethoate 50 times solution or 80% dichlorvos 50 times solution into the insect holes, then seal with clay to kill the larvae.
9. Scale insect: At the nymph stage, spray 50% parathion emulsifiable concentrate 1500 times solution or 40% omethoate emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times solution, once every 7-10 days for a total of 3 sprays. Injection of 40% omethoate into holes drilled at the base of the tree is also possible.