A Detailed Guide to the Latest Precautions for Ginseng Cultivation
Everyone is very familiar with the word ginseng. It is a very precious medicinal herb, and the older it is, the better its medicinal effects. Its efficacy is very powerful, but today there are many fake ginsengs on the market. The main reason is that ginseng has a low yield and is also very expensive, so some things that look like ginseng have appeared. So how can high yield be achieved when cultivating ginseng? Today let us look at the precautions for ginseng cultivation.
1. Soil selection
Because ginseng has high requirements for soil, and many places in our country do not meet the requirements for ginseng growth, the area planted with ginseng is not especially large. So when choosing soil, as much as possible choose yellow sandy soil or black humus soil with more organic matter. Next, when there is no best option, loam or sandy soil can be chosen. In short, clay is the soil least suitable for planting ginseng. Then before planting, the soil needs to be strictly disinfected, and when preparing the land, stones and other impurities in the soil must be cleared out, trenches should be made and beds formed, and then sowing can be prepared.
2. Planting time
There are three periods suitable for ginseng planting, namely mid-April to early May in spring, July and August in summer, and September to the end of October in autumn. So everyone should note that ginseng cannot be planted in winter. Also, the planting methods differ somewhat at different times, so when planting we should carry out cultivation according to reasonable seed treatment methods and sowing methods. For specifics, refer to the content in the previous article on high-yield ginseng cultivation techniques.
3. Light requirements
Ginseng is a shade-loving plant and does not need much light. First, when choosing a planting site, the issue of light must be considered. It is best to choose a shady area for planting, because if the light at the planting site is too strong, it will cause the ginseng plants to become dwarfed and the leaves to be relatively thick, which is not good for the normal growth of ginseng. Although it is a shade-loving plant, the planting site cannot be too shady either. Having no light at all will not work, as it will cause ginseng to grow only stems and leaves, which has a great impact on the growth of the ginseng roots and rhizomes. Therefore, we must carefully analyze and understand the growth habits of ginseng.
4. Fertilizer and water management
The growth of ginseng requires a large amount of nutrients, so its demand for fertilizer is relatively large, but its fertilization has strict requirements. First, although it likes organic fertilizer, do not use organic fertilizer that has not been fully decomposed, because this will have a great impact on the ginseng roots and may even burn the plants to death. Therefore, when fertilizing, we must strictly follow the requirements. Finally, ginseng also has relatively high water requirements, because it is neither tolerant of waterlogging nor drought. So for field water management, we must strictly control it according to specific standards, and it is appropriate to keep the field humidity at about 75 percent.
5. Temperature management
Ginseng is extremely intolerant of heat, so in relevant historical records we find that ginseng mostly grows in relatively shady and cool environments, that is, in what is often called the deep mountains and forests. The most suitable temperature for ginseng growth is about 3 to 15 degrees, because the temperature in most areas of our country is generally about 20 to 30 degrees, so we need to regulate temperature through daily management.
6. Pest and disease control
Ginseng is a very precious medicinal herb, but like other ordinary medicinal herbs, it also has some relatively common pests and diseases. The main ones are damping-off disease, spot disease, phytophthora blight, rust rot, and sclerotinia disease. The most fundamental cause is excessive field humidity. They can be controlled with carbendazim, polyoxin, metalaxyl mancozeb, thiophanate-methyl, and dimethachlon respectively. The most common insect pests are underground pests such as white grubs, cutworms, mole crickets, and wireworms, which can be controlled by seed dressing with phoxim emulsifiable concentrate or by drenching the roots with trichlorfon.