Common Diseases of Perilla and the Latest Control Methods
Perilla is very common in rural areas; you can see it growing wild everywhere along the roadside. In fact, perilla can be used both as a medicinal herb and as a side dish, making it a crop with very high nutritional value. Although there is a wide area of wild growth in rural areas, as the value of perilla has been discovered, the market has begun to fall short of demand. So large-scale artificial cultivation began, but like other crops, perilla is subject to various pests and diseases. So what pests and diseases will appear? How should they be controlled? Let's take a look below!
1. Leaf Spot Disease
Disease characteristics: Leaf spot disease is caused by fungi, mainly because the pathogens of leaf spot disease lurk deep in the soil layer and in diseased residues to overwinter. When the temperature gradually rises, they begin to infect the plants, usually causing disease in late spring and early summer. They harm the leaves; after the leaves are infected, black spots appear on the leaves, and the spots gradually spread until they become larger and larger, forming patches of different sizes, then the leaves wither and drop.
Control methods: When selecting seeds, choose varieties with strong disease resistance and good genetics, or you can select strong-growing, disease-free plants as mother plants to save seed yourself. Try not to practice continuous cropping to prevent repeated cropping; apply fertilizer at the right time to improve the plants' disease resistance; drain and irrigate promptly, and reasonably control planting density. After disease occurs, sprays such as mancozeb can be used for control.
2. Dodder
Disease characteristics: When planting, many friends often find that local perilla plants are entangled by orange vines. The plants cannot grow upright, and after a period of time the leaves gradually become wilted, yellow, and drop. This causes the plants' photosynthesis to decline. This is dodder, a disease that parasitizes plants. Dodder wraps around the plants and absorbs the nutrients of the perilla, causing the perilla to lack nutrients, be unable to grow, and finally die.
Control methods: Pay attention to seed selection. When sowing, check whether there are dodder seeds, and if there are, pick them out promptly. When applying base fertilizer, the farmyard manure must be fully decomposed; dodder seeds cannot withstand the heat of decomposed farmyard manure. Patrol regularly, and when dodder vines are found, pull them out by the roots to stop continued growth. After sowing, spray an appropriate amount of alachlor emulsifiable concentrate for control.
3. Root Rot
Disease characteristics: Root rot is also a fungal disease. Root rot has many modes of transmission, such as rainwater, farm operations by growers, farmyard manure, and many other factors. It generally occurs at a high rate under conditions of uneven temperature and humidity, excessive water accumulation, poor soil quality, and continuous cropping. Root rot mainly harms the roots; after the roots are infected, they begin to rot, the growth of lateral roots is blocked, resulting in insufficient nutrients, the plants cannot grow effectively, and in severe cases they directly wither and die.
Control methods: Similar to leaf spot disease, continuous cropping cannot be practiced, and repeated cropping is not allowed. When sowing, the seedbed should be deeply plowed and exposed to the sun, and then fully decomposed base fertilizer should be applied to improve the resistance of the seedlings. Do a good job of field drainage and irrigation, improve the planting and growing environment, and promptly pull out diseased plants and take them out of the garden for destruction. After disease occurs, drugs such as thiophanate-methyl wettable powder can be used for spraying control, once a week, lasting about one month or 20 days.
The above are the common diseases in perilla cultivation. Of course, there are far more than these few, such as powdery mildew, rust disease, and so on. Due to limited time, the editor did not discuss them one by one, but if measures are not taken in time, these diseases will cause devastating damage to the plants. Therefore, everyone must take various preventive measures, strengthen management, and reduce the incidence of diseases to the lowest possible level. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only. Thank you for reading and supporting.