How to Grow Fritillaria ussuriensis? The Latest Planting Techniques and Methods Tutorial
Fritillaria ussuriensis, also known as Pingbei, is a perennial herbaceous plant whose bulbs can be used as medicine, with effects such as clearing heat and moistening the lungs, and relieving cough and reducing phlegm. Due to the scarcity of wild resources, it is now also cultivated artificially, and some farmers have achieved prosperity by growing it, so how should Fritillaria ussuriensis be planted? Let's find out together.
1. Site Selection and Land Preparation
Wild Fritillaria ussuriensis prefers a cool and humid climate, generally growing in forests or on riverbanks in loose, fertile, relatively moist soil rich in humus. Therefore, for artificial cultivation, fertile and loose sandy loam should be chosen, while clay loam, sandy soil and low-lying land are not suitable for planting, so as not to affect its growth. In the autumn and winter of the previous year, deep plow the soil about 20 cm, and at the same time apply base fertilizer, generally applying 4000-5000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure per mu, mixing it evenly with the soil, then shaping, raking level and making beds for later use.
2. Propagation Methods
Fritillaria ussuriensis is mainly propagated through seed propagation and bulb propagation. In production, bulb propagation is generally the main method; seed propagation takes a long time and is too time-consuming, so it is generally not used. In summer each year from June to July, harvest the bulbs; the large ones are used for medicine, the medium and small ones are used as seed, the medium ones are planted on the bed surface in autumn at a spacing of 1.5 cm between plants and rows, while the small ones are sown evenly into furrows opened on the bed surface.
3. Field Management
In early spring before emergence, clean the field in time to facilitate emergence, and after emergence, loosen the soil and weed in time, keeping the field free of weeds to promote seedling growth, especially in summer when weeds grow thickly, they must be prevented from competing with the seedlings for water and nutrients. To obtain high and excellent yields, fertilization is indispensable. Starting each winter, cover the bed surface with a 3 cm thick layer of decomposed farmyard manure, which serves both to fertilize and to keep warm and prevent cold. During spring and summer droughts, water in time to keep the soil moist to facilitate emergence. After emergence, water according to soil moisture and weather conditions, and loosen the soil in time after watering to avoid soil compaction, which is unfavorable to root growth. In the rainy season, drain in time to avoid root rot.
4. Pests and Diseases
During cultivation, Fritillaria ussuriensis is mainly harmed by rust disease and sclerotinia disease. Rust disease generally breaks out in April; after onset it causes leaf perforation, yellowing and withering of leaves, and wilting of plants. The control method is to thoroughly clean the garden, eliminate weeds and diseased and residual plants, and spray sodium ferrous ethylenediaminetetraacetate before flowering, which has a good effect. Sclerotinia disease mainly harms the bulbs; when it occurs, black spots appear on the bulbs, and in severe cases the entire bulb turns black and the aboveground plants wilt and turn yellow. The control method is rational crop rotation, choosing well-drained plots for planting, and when the disease occurs, promptly pull out diseased plants, spread lime on the diseased holes for disinfection, and drench the surrounding plants with carbendazim to control the disease.
The above is an introduction to the cultivation techniques of Fritillaria ussuriensis. We hope it can help you. To learn more related knowledge, please follow us.