How to grow potted tomatoes? The latest cultivation techniques and methods tutorial

Preparation of cultivation soil

Mix nutrient soil in a certain proportion. The nutrient soil is required to have a porosity of about 60%, pH 6-7, contain available phosphorus above 100 mg/kg, available potassium above 100 mg/kg, available nitrogen 150 mg/kg, be loose, retain fertilizer and water, and have complete nutrition. Evenly spread the prepared nutrient soil on the sowing bed (10 cm thick), or in a seedling tray.

Environmental condition requirements

1. Temperature. Tomatoes are a warm-loving vegetable. Under normal conditions, the optimum temperature for assimilation is 20-25°C, and the optimum soil temperature for root growth is 20-22°C. Raising the soil temperature not only promotes root development, but also significantly increases the nitrate nitrogen content in the soil, accelerating growth and development and increasing yield.

2. Light. Tomatoes are a light-loving crop. The light saturation point is 70000 lx, and the suitable light intensity is 30000-50000 lx. Tomatoes are short-day plants. In the process of transitioning from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, they basically require short days, but the requirement is not strict. Some varieties can bud and bloom earlier under short days, while most varieties bloom earlier and grow robustly under 11-13 h of daylight.

3. Water. Tomatoes need a fair amount of water, but do not need frequent large-scale irrigation. Generally, a soil humidity of 60-80% and an air humidity of 45-50% are suitable. High air humidity not only hinders normal pollination, but also leads to severe disease under high temperature and high humidity conditions.

4. Soil and nutrition. Tomatoes are not very strict about soil conditions, but in order to obtain high yields and promote good root development, tomatoes need to absorb large amounts of nutrients from the soil during their growth process. According to Aijielisitan, for every 5000 kg of fruit produced, 33 kg of potassium oxide, 10 kg of nitrogen, and 5 kg of phosphoric acid need to be absorbed from the soil.

Cultivation management techniques

1. Growth period management. This includes measures such as intertillage and weeding, storing water and preserving moisture, setting up trellises and tying vines, pruning and removing side shoots, removing old leaves, ventilating and letting in light, strengthening pest and disease control, and strengthening temperature management. Temperature management means that during the day, greenhouse ventilation should be appropriately increased to keep the temperature inside the greenhouse at around 25°C. At night, the temperature should be kept between 10-13°C. When ventilation begins, the vents should go from small to large and from few to many, and after the temperature drops in the afternoon, gradually make the vents smaller or close them.

2. Fertilizer and water management. During the growing period of tomatoes in the summer and autumn rainy season, watering is generally not needed, but when the 1st to 3rd trusses of fruit mature and drought occurs, appropriate watering should also be done. According to the growth condition of the tomato plants, apply additional fertilizer in a timely manner to promote fruit development and protect flowers and fruits. Generally, microbial bacterial fertilizer can be applied as a base fertilizer, and Beizhuang seedling agent and Zengtianling can be applied as additional fertilizer to make them look better and taste more delicious. If conditions permit, additional fertilizer such as bean cake and cottonseed cake can be applied.

3. Pruning management. During the growth process of tomatoes, tender shoots will grow from each leaf axil. The tender shoots below the first inflorescence should be removed in a timely manner to avoid affecting nutrient consumption, fruit lighting, and yield. After keeping 4-6 inflorescences per plant, pinch off the growing tip of the tomato plant to control nutrients so they are supplied only to the fruit and ensure yield.