Latest Vegetable Greenhouse Construction Techniques and Methods Tutorial

Currently, protected agriculture produces large outputs and good benefits, and is a major direction for developing modern agriculture. At the same time, it has high technological content, high technical requirements, and large capital investment. Thus, for ordinary farmer friends who want to participate, the risks and difficulties are great. Below, the editor will share with everyone the relevant techniques for vegetable greenhouse construction.

1. Bamboo-wood arch-frame plastic greenhouse, span 8-14 m, center height 2.2-2.5 m, length about 50 m, with bamboo poles 3-6 cm in diameter as arch bars, each row of arch bars supported by 4-6 posts, arch bar spacing 1.0-1.2 m, uprights made of cement poles or wooden poles, upright spacing 3.0-3.6 m. Assembled galvanized steel pipe plastic film greenhouse: span 6-8 m, center height 2.5-3 m, length 30-50 m, using φ22×1.2-1.5 mm thin-walled steel pipes to make arch bars, tie bars, and uprights.

2. Span 4-6 m, center height 1.5-2 m, with one row of posts in the middle, arch bar spacing 1 m, one post for every 3 arch bars, at 20 cm from the post to the greenhouse surface use bamboo poles for longitudinal connection, tighten with No. 10 iron wire, fix each upright to form a whole.

3. Small greenhouses mainly use thin bamboo poles or bamboo strips, vitex branches, 6-8 cm steel bars, etc. as support materials, bent into arch-shaped frames, center height 1-1.5 m, span 2-3 m, insert frame materials in sequence every 60 m, about 20-30 cm deep, length depending on terrain, cover the frame with plastic film.

4. Greenhouse shape and height-to-span ratio, the greenhouse shape and height-to-span ratio mainly relate to the stability of the greenhouse. Under a certain wind speed, a streamlined greenhouse surface with a large arc weakens the wind speed, so wind resistance is better. A greenhouse with shoulders has a small height-to-span ratio, a small arc, and poor wind resistance. In southern China, a greenhouse height-to-span ratio of 0.3-0.4 is good.

5. Greenhouse specifications and orientation, greenhouses in southern China are generally 30-50 m long and 6-12 m wide. If too long, the temperature difference between the two ends is large, and transportation and management are also inconvenient. If too wide, ventilation and air exchange are poor, and the difficulty of design and construction also increases. A center height of 2.2-2.8 m is suitable. The taller the greenhouse, the greater the wind load it bears, but if the greenhouse is too low, the greenhouse surface arc is small, it is susceptible to wind damage, and when the rain is heavy it will also form water pockets, causing the greenhouse to collapse.

6. Site selection and planning, the greenhouse site should be chosen to be sunny, sheltered from wind, flat terrain, fertile soil, good soil quality, sufficient water source, convenient drainage and irrigation, and with no tall trees or buildings around for shade. When building a greenhouse group, the distance between greenhouses should be kept at 2-2.5 m, and the distance between greenhouse ends at 5-6 m, which is conducive to ventilation and air exchange and transportation.

7. Mainly composed of uprights, arch bars, film, pressure bars or No. 8 iron wire. The cross-section of this kind of greenhouse is tunnel-shaped, with the length running north-south, a greenhouse length of 50-150 m, and a greenhouse width of about 13 m is suitable.

8. Film covering: the film is best to use anti-drip film, the width selected according to the greenhouse span, start from both sides first, then cover upward in sequence, the connecting seam of the two film sheets overlaps each other by 20 cm, between the two arch bars on the greenhouse film set a film-pressing rod, press the film tightly, so that the greenhouse surface forms a corrugated shape.

9. Install arch bars and tie bars, choose duck-egg bamboo for the tie bars, fix them at 0.3 m below the top of the uprights, so that each row of longitudinal uprights forms a whole. Fix the arch bars with duck-egg bamboo on top of the uprights, and tighten with iron wire.

10. Bury the uprights, the uprights can be 6×8 cm cement posts or 5×8 cm wooden posts or bamboo poles. Bury one row of uprights every 3.2 m, each row generally composed of 4-6 uprights, the center post 2 m above the ground, the two waist posts 1.5 m above the ground, the two side posts about 0.7 m above the ground, the uprights buried 0.3-0.4 m underground. Each upright must be positioned accurately, buried firmly, buried straight, and made to form rows from east to west and north to south, with each row of uprights at the same height.

Note: The direction of building a plastic vegetable medium greenhouse is very important. A greenhouse extending north-south receives light evenly and is suitable for spring and autumn production. A greenhouse extending east-west has good lighting conditions in winter.