How high are the latest greenhouse vegetable growing profits?

The cost and profit of greenhouse vegetable cultivation are mainly determined by the construction and maintenance of the greenhouse, as well as the agricultural inputs needed for vegetable cultivation management, and conditions vary from place to place. Below, the editor of Qiannong Network will analyze the profit of greenhouse vegetable cultivation under conventional conditions!

Profit of greenhouse vegetable cultivation

Generally, the vegetable greenhouse frame per mu of land needs about 5,500 yuan. In order to save on construction cost and extend the service life of the greenhouse, a relatively economical way to build a greenhouse is to use magnesite greenhouse frames and plastic film, which both lowers the construction cost and makes daily use and maintenance easier. Such a greenhouse can be used for 5 years, and only the plastic film needs to be replaced each year. The annual cost of vegetable seedlings, pesticides, fertilizers, etc. per mu is about 700 yuan, and the land rental fee is about 800 yuan per year.

Combining the above calculations, the cost of greenhouse vegetable cultivation is about 7,000 yuan in initial investment per mu of land. Calculating the vegetable greenhouse over a 5-year service period, the average annual amortized cost per mu of land is about 2,500 yuan.

The profit of greenhouse vegetable cultivation can reach 150%-250%, and 2-3 seasons of vegetables can be produced each year. If ordinary vegetables are grown, 1-2 seasons of vegetables can basically recover the initial construction and greenhouse vegetable management costs, so profit can be achieved in the first year, with an average profit of 100%-150%. In the years afterward, the annual cost is just for replacing some plastic film.

Types of vegetable cultivation greenhouses

1. 6-meter-wide assembled steel-frame greenhouse: This greenhouse type has been promoted and applied for many years. It is mainly a steel greenhouse type that uses galvanized thin-walled steel pipes with a diameter of 22 mm and a thickness of 1.2 mm as the greenhouse frame material. The greenhouse is 6 m wide, 2.2-2.5 m high at the top, 1.2 m high at the shoulder, has a land utilization rate of 80%, a service life of more than 10 years, a cost of 10-30 yuan per sq m, and a construction cost of 7,000-20,000 yuan per mu. It is suitable for growing vegetables, flowers, etc. The disadvantages are that the greenhouse width is relatively small, operation and management efficiency is relatively low, and winter insulation is relatively weak.

2. Simple bamboo-frame greenhouse: This is a widely used type. The greenhouse is generally 5-6 m wide, 2-3.2 m high at the top, 1-1.2 m high at the sides, and the arch poles are spaced 1-1.1 m apart. The advantages are low cost, easy access to materials, and easy construction, with a cost of about 3,000 yuan per mu (including film). The disadvantages are that there are many posts inside the greenhouse, a high shading rate, inconvenient operation, a short service life, and poor wind and snow resistance. Among them is a greenhouse type commonly known as “ground-rolling dragon” style, with a span width of 4-6 m, low top and shoulder heights, and a covering method using a single film all the way to the ground. It saves more cost than ordinary moso bamboo vegetable greenhouses and is suitable for cultivating creeping crops. It is commonly used for greenhouse watermelon cultivation.

3. Steel-bamboo mixed greenhouse: The structure of the greenhouse is the same as that of the simple bamboo-frame greenhouse, with steel pipes and bamboo poles used alternately as arch poles. It has the advantages of saving steel, lowering construction cost, and convenient operation, and has a certain application area; its performance and cost fall between those of steel-frame greenhouses and bamboo-frame greenhouses.

4. 8-meter-wide improved steel-frame greenhouse: The height and width of the greenhouse body are increased, the height and width of the ventilation windows on the sides of the greenhouse are increased, the space inside the greenhouse is enlarged, management efficiency and winter insulation are improved, and the land utilization rate is increased. This greenhouse is built with galvanized pipes with a diameter of 28-32 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm; the top height is 3.2-3.5 m, the shoulder height is 1.8 m, and the greenhouse body has a large space, making it suitable for growing tall-climbing vegetables, etc. However, the construction cost of this vegetable greenhouse increases substantially, at about 20-45 yuan per sq m, and 15,000-30,000 yuan per mu. It is mainly suitable for application by agricultural demonstration parks and vegetable growers with a certain economic strength.

5. Ordinary multi-span greenhouses and simple bamboo-frame multi-span greenhouses: The structure of ordinary multi-span greenhouses is similar to that of steel-frame multi-span greenhouses, with the advantages of large space and high land utilization rate, but the cost is much lower, at 50-100 yuan per sq m.

Covering materials for vegetable cultivation greenhouses

Vegetable growers should choose suitable vegetable greenhouse covering materials according to their own production needs.

1. Ordinary film: Made with polyethylene or polyvinyl chloride as raw material. The greenhouse film is 0.1 mm thick, colorless and transparent; its service life is about half a year.

2. Multifunctional long-life film: Made by adding an appropriate amount of anti-aging material and surfactant during the polyethylene blow molding process. It is 7.5 m wide and 0.06 mm thick, and its service life is 1 times longer than ordinary film. At night, the greenhouse temperature is 1-2°C higher than with other materials; the film is not prone to water droplet formation, has a good covering effect, low cost, and high benefit.

3. Straw bedding and straw fans: Woven from rice straw, they have good insulation performance and are nighttime insulation materials.

4. Polyethylene high-foam flexible sheets: White plastic flexible sheets with many air bubbles, 1 m wide and 0.4-0.5 cm thick, lightweight and rollable, with insulation performance similar to straw bedding.

5. Non-woven fabric: A kind of polyester filament, a cloth-like material that is not woven or spun. It is divided into black and white types and comes in different densities and thicknesses. In addition to insulation, it can also be used as a sunshade net.

6. Sunshade net: A kind of plastic woven silk net. Commonly used types are black and silver-gray, and there are several density specifications, each with different shading rates. It is mainly used for sunshade and rain protection in summer, and can also be used as winter insulation covering.

Orientation of vegetable cultivation greenhouses

They should be built on plots with a low groundwater level, sufficient water sources, convenient drainage and irrigation, and loose, fertile, pollution-free soil; generally, the orientation should be north-south, with ventilation openings set on the east and west sides. The advantages of doing so are as follows.

1. It helps reduce humidity inside the greenhouse.

2. It reduces mutual shading among trellised crops and tall-stalk crops inside the greenhouse, so that they receive light evenly.

3. It avoids too rapid a temperature drop and the intrusion of north winds when the greenhouse is being ventilated (cooled) and aired in winter, while also increasing the air exchange volume.

Well, that is where the editor's analysis of greenhouse vegetable cultivation profit comes to an end. The development of greenhouse vegetable cultivation technology can be said to be a trend. With the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for diverse vegetables will further increase. Vegetable greenhouses can make up for the seasonal shortage of some vegetables, and there is no doubt that they will play an important role in future vegetable production.