Vegetable Greenhouse Construction Standards and Latest Costs at a Glance

Vegetable greenhouses generally use a bamboo or steel frame, covered with one or more layers of insulating plastic film, thus forming a greenhouse space; the outer film effectively prevents the loss of carbon dioxide produced by the vegetables growing inside, giving the greenhouse a good insulation effect. Now let's take a look at vegetable greenhouse construction standards and costs!

Vegetable Greenhouse Construction Standards

When building a vegetable greenhouse, we should choose a suitable location. It should be built in a wind-sheltered, sunny place with fertile soil, good light and ventilation conditions, and no buildings nearby. The specific requirements are:

1. Site location conditions: A greenhouse is a fixed facility with a relatively large investment and a long service life. For ease of management, it should be built in a concentrated area. 

2. Light and ventilation conditions: The sun is the main light and heat source for a greenhouse, so a site with sufficient light conditions must be chosen for building the greenhouse.  

3. Water level measurement: Different regions are suitable for different greenhouse construction modes. Areas with too shallow a water level are not suitable for building sunken greenhouses.  

4. Soil testing: At the initial stage of building the greenhouse, the soil composition needs to be measured in advance to facilitate later variety selection and formula fertilization.  

5. Soil and water conditions: Greenhouse vegetable cultivation generally involves multi-crop, three-dimensional planting, so good soil and water conditions are required.

Vegetable Greenhouse Construction Costs

1. 6-meter-wide assembled steel-frame greenhouse: This greenhouse type has been promoted and used for many years. It is mainly a steel greenhouse type that uses galvanized thin-walled steel pipes with a diameter of 22 mm and a thickness of 1.2 mm as the greenhouse frame material. The greenhouse is 6 m wide, with a top height of 2.2-2.5 m and a shoulder height of 1.2 m. The land utilization rate is 80%, the service life is more than 10 years, the cost per sq m is 10-30 yuan, and the construction cost per mu is 7000-20000 yuan. It is suitable for growing vegetables, flowers, etc. The disadvantages are that the greenhouse width is relatively small, the operation and management efficiency is relatively low, and the winter insulation performance is relatively weak.

2. Simple bamboo-frame greenhouse: This is a widely used type. The greenhouse is generally 5-6 m wide, with a top height of 2-3.2 m, a side height of 1-1.2 m, and an arch pole spacing of 1-1.1 m. The advantages are low cost, easy access to materials, and easy construction. The cost per mu is about 3000 yuan (including film). The disadvantages are that there are many pillars inside the greenhouse, the shading rate is high, operations are inconvenient, the service life is short, and the wind and snow resistance is poor. Among them, there is a type commonly known as the “ground-rolling dragon” style, with a span width of 4-6 m, top height and shoulder height that are both low, and a covering method using a single film all the way to the ground. It saves more cost than ordinary moso bamboo vegetable greenhouses and is suitable for growing creeping crops. It is commonly used in greenhouse watermelon cultivation.

3. Steel-bamboo mixed greenhouse: The greenhouse structure is the same as that of a simple bamboo-frame greenhouse, with steel pipes and bamboo poles used as arch poles at intervals. It has the advantages of saving steel, reducing construction cost, and convenient operation, and it has a certain application area; its performance and cost fall between those of steel-frame greenhouses and bamboo-frame greenhouses.

4. 8-meter-wide improved steel-frame greenhouse: The height and width of the greenhouse body have been increased, the height and width of the ventilation windows on the sides of the greenhouse have been increased, the space inside the greenhouse has been enlarged, the management efficiency and winter insulation performance have been improved, and the land utilization rate has been improved. This greenhouse is built with galvanized pipes with a diameter of 28-32 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm; the top height is 3.2-3.5 m, and the shoulder height is 1.8 m. The greenhouse body has a large space and is suitable for growing tall-vine vegetables, etc. However, the construction cost of this vegetable greenhouse has increased significantly, at about 20-45 yuan per sq m, and the cost per mu is 1.5-3 ten-thousand yuan. It is mainly suitable for agricultural demonstration parks and vegetable growers with a certain economic strength.

5. Ordinary multi-span greenhouses and simple bamboo-frame multi-span greenhouses: The structure of ordinary multi-span greenhouses is similar to that of steel-frame multi-span greenhouses. They have the advantages of large space and high land utilization rate, but the cost is much lower, at 50-100 yuan per sq m.

Vegetable Greenhouse Construction Process

The vegetable greenhouse construction process is relatively simple, and the technology is relatively refined. China's vegetable supply is mainly based on vegetable greenhouse cultivation. Therefore, the construction quality and design structure of vegetable greenhouses directly affect the yield and quality of vegetables in China.

1. Main design: This mainly involves setting the length, width, and height of the vegetable greenhouse, and designing and making it according to the planting area. Ordinary greenhouses in China are about 120 sq m.

2. Material selection: Vegetable greenhouse construction is divided into pillar type and steel-frame type. The steel-frame type uses all-steel-frame welding and production, and only the foundation needs to be built and reinforced. Pillar-type vegetable greenhouses need to be made with cement pillars or bamboo, etc. Steel-frame greenhouses have a relatively long service life, up to 25 years, while pillar-type vegetable greenhouses can be used for 3-5 years.

3. Base construction: Pillar-type vegetable greenhouses need to be built with a load-bearing back wall, and the wall width must be no less than 50 cm. Special ventilation openings should also be set up.

4. Arch frame installation: Vegetable greenhouses using steel frames do not need arch frame installation, while vegetable greenhouses using bamboo poles or pillar type need arch frame installation. Uniform bamboo poles with a diameter of more than 2 cm should be used for installation. Insert the thick ends of the bamboo poles into the back wall and fix both ends. Keep the arches consistent and the height balanced and consistent. Install pillars at the highest point of the arch for support.

5. Plastic film laying: Plastic film with good light transmission should be selected for laying, with anti-drip film or purple light film as the primary choice. Plastic should be buried deeply on both sides of the greenhouse. The burial depth should be no less than 20 cm.