What is the latest price of cabbage seeds? With growing methods
Cabbage is one of the important vegetables in China, also known as lotus white, head cabbage, Korean cabbage, etc. It is an annual or biennial herbaceous plant of the genus Brassica in the cruciferous family. All its varieties originated along the coast from the Mediterranean to the North Sea. It is cultivated throughout China as a vegetable or feed. Let us take a look at the price of cabbage seeds and the growing methods!
How much does a gram of cabbage seeds cost?
The price of cabbage seeds is about 2 to 4 yuan per gram, but prices vary greatly depending on seed quality, variety, place of origin, market, etc. In production, cabbage is propagated by sowing seeds. It likes mild, humid conditions and sufficient light, is relatively cold-tolerant, and also has the ability to adapt to high temperatures. The optimum growing temperature is 15 to 20°C. If the fleshy stem expansion period encounters high temperatures above 30°C, the flesh is prone to becoming fibrous. It is not very strict about soil selection, but it is suitable for planting in clay loam or sandy loam rich in humus.
Sowing methods for cabbage
1. Variety selection: For cabbage cultivation, early-maturing varieties with a short growth period should be selected, with a single head weighing about 1 kg, and about 45 days from transplanting to harvest. This is relatively suitable for consumers' consumption habits and does not affect the sowing period of the next overwintering vegetable crop, such as the Dutch variety Swiss Multiple and others.
2. Seedbed fertilization: The formula for cabbage seedbed soil is 6 parts field soil and 4 parts decomposed organic fertilizer. For each cubic meter of nutrient soil, add 1 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 80 g of carbendazim, and 100 g of phoxim granules. Mix evenly and make beds. The bed width is 1.2 m, and the length is unlimited.
3. Sowing time: Cabbage seedlings are not strict about temperature requirements, but the head-forming stage has very strict temperature requirements and should be around 17°C, which is favorable for the formation and growth of the leaf heads. Therefore, summer sowing time is around late July.
4. Sowing method: For cabbage cultivation in late July, irrigate the prepared seedbed with sufficient bottom water, then sprinkle the seeds evenly, cover with about 1 cm of fine soil, cover with film to retain moisture, insert arches, and cover with a shade net.
5. Removing film and pricking out seedlings: When more than 70% of the cabbage seedlings have emerged, remove the plastic film promptly to prevent burning the seedlings. When the seedlings grow to 2 leaves and 1 heart (about 10 days after sowing), carry out 1 round of pricking out. Pricking out in the evening or on cloudy days helps survival. The water for pricking out should be poured into the hidden furrow and poured thoroughly.
6. Seedling stage management: Cabbage seedlings have strong stress resistance, but pest and weed control must be done well. Pests include aphids, diamondback moths, and cabbage caterpillars. Wanling and 1.8% abamectin can be used alternately. Because the seedling stage is short, applying the pesticide 2 times according to the pest situation is sufficient.
Growing methods for cabbage
1. Land preparation and fertilization: For cabbage cultivation, it is preferable to choose bean or melon plots whose previous crop was not cruciferous. Apply 3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 30 kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ternary compound fertilizer per mu, plow the land and make beds. The bed width is 1.2 m, plant 2 rows, with a plant spacing of 40 cm.
2. Reasonable dense planting: For cabbage, choose strong seedlings about 40 days old with 6 to 8 true leaves and transplant them on cloudy days or in the evening on sunny days. Plant 3000 to 3500 plants per mu. For autumn cultivation, Meimao No. 2 and Baosheng are about 3500 plants; for winter cultivation, Huyue and Guanwang are about 3000 plants.
3. Fertilizer and water management: After cabbage transplanting, carry out intertillage and seedling restraint, with less fertilizer and water to promote underground growth. After seedling recovery, keep the soil alternately dry and moist to expand the leaf assimilation area. The key topdressing should be placed in the vigorous rosette leaf growth stage and the head-forming stage.
① After cabbage seedlings are transplanted, apply a seedling-promoting fertilizer, using a mixed solution of 0.3% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and carry out intertillage, loosening the soil, and weeding.
② For cabbage, apply topdressing once at the early stage of rosette leaf growth, applying 10 kg of urea per mu, and at the same time spray the leaves once with 0.2% borax solution.
③ For cabbage, apply topdressing once at the vigorous rosette leaf growth stage, applying 15 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu.
④ For cabbage, apply topdressing twice at the early and middle stages of head formation, applying 10 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu each time.
⑤ For cabbage cultivation, to prevent tipburn, spray with 0.7% calcium chloride 2 to 3 times during the head-forming stage.
4. Timely harvest: Cabbage can be harvested when the leaf heads are firm. When harvesting, retain 2 outer leaves to protect the leaf head, ensuring the surface is clean, free of pests, and free of split heads. At the same time, according to the standard requirements for fresh-keeping processing and export, grade according to the size of the leaf heads.
Pest and disease control for cabbage
1. Downy mildew
[Damage] Downy mildew is an important disease of cabbage and is distributed in all regions. It damages leaves. In severe cases, the lesions merge and the leaves turn yellow and die.
[Control] Before sowing, seeds can be treated with 50% thiram wettable powder or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at 0.4% of seed weight. After transplanting, spray with 80% mancozeb 600-fold solution for prevention.
2. Damping-off
[Damage] Common symptoms include seedling death and damping-off. Seedling death occurs after sowing and before germination and emergence, while damping-off occurs after seedling emergence and before the true leaves have unfolded.
[Control] After disease onset, immediately remove diseased seedlings and spray with 25% metalaxyl wettable powder 800-fold solution, or 64% oxadixyl·mancozeb wettable powder 500-fold solution, or 72.2% propamocarb aqueous solution 500-fold solution, once every 7 to 10 days, for 2 to 3 consecutive times.
3. Sclerotinia rot
[Damage] Sclerotinia rot is an important disease of cabbage and is relatively widely distributed. It significantly affects yield and quality and can damage the stem base, leaves, leaf heads, and seed pods.
[Control] In the early stage of disease, spray with 50% chloronitroaniline wettable powder 800-fold solution, or 40% sulfur·carbendazim suspension 500-fold solution, once every 10 days, for 2 to 3 consecutive times, focusing on spraying the stem base of the plants, old leaves, and the ground.
4. Black root disease
[Damage] Black root disease is an important disease of cabbage and is relatively widely distributed and common, significantly affecting cabbage yield and quality.
[Control] In the early stage of disease, spray with 20% tolclofos-methyl 1000-fold solution, or 60% carbendazim·thiram 500-fold solution, or 75% chlorothalonil 600-fold solution, or copper-ammonia mixture 400-fold solution, once every 7 days, for 2 to 3 consecutive times.
5. Black spot disease
[Damage] Black spot disease is a major disease of cabbage and is widely distributed. The incidence rate of affected plants in diseased fields is about 30%, and in severe cases reaches 100%, significantly affecting yield and quality.
[Control] Before disease onset or in the early stage of disease, choose 70% zineb wettable powder 400 to 500-fold solution or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500 to 600-fold solution, once every 7 to 10 days, for 2 to 3 consecutive times.
6. Soft rot
[Damage] Soft rot occurs in all regions. The affected part first appears soaked and semi-transparent, then the diseased part turns brown, soft-rots, and sinks, producing dirty white bacterial ooze, with a sticky and slippery feel when touched, and a foul odor.
[Control] In the early stage of disease, spray with 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder 3000 to 4000-fold solution, or new streptomycin 4000-fold solution, or 14% copper ammonia complex aqueous solution 350-fold solution, spraying once every 10 days for control, for 2 to 3 consecutive treatments.
7. Black rot
[Damage] Black rot mainly damages leaves, leaf heads, or stems. The cotyledons become water-soaked when diseased, then quickly die or spread to the true leaves.
[Control] In the early stage of disease and during susceptible periods, promptly spray with 14% copper ammonia complex aqueous solution 350-fold solution, or 60% copper succinate·fosetyl-aluminum wettable powder 600-fold solution, once every 7 to 10 days, for 2 to 3 consecutive times.