What is the latest price of onion seeds? Detailed explanation of planting methods

Onion is also known as bulb onion, round onion, jade onion, etc. It is a biennial herbaceous plant of the genus Allium in the Liliaceae family, native to Central or Western Asia. There are now many different varieties, and it is very widely distributed in China, cultivated in both north and south. The main producing areas include Fujian, Shandong, Gansu, Inner Mongolia, Xinjiang and other places. Now let us take a look at onion seed prices and planting methods!

How much does a jin of onion seeds cost?

The price of onion seeds is about 80 to 120 yuan per jin, but it varies with seed quality, variety, place of origin and market. There are many varieties of onion. Different bulb shapes are related to early or late maturity; generally, the flatter the bulb, the earlier the maturity. Different varieties also differ greatly in yield. Early-maturing flat varieties generally yield about 4,500 to 5,500 kg per mu, while mid-to-late-maturing varieties generally yield 5,000 to 5,500 kg per mu. The economic benefit of planting is between 3,000 and 6,000 yuan per mu.

What varieties of onion are there?

1. Red-skinned: The bulb surface is purplish red, the fleshy scales are slightly reddish, and the shape is flat-globular or globular. It stores and transports well, has a relatively short dormancy period, and sprouts earlier. It shows early to mid maturity and is harvested from late May to early June. Representative varieties include Shanghai Red Skin and others.

2. Yellow-skinned: The bulb is brass-colored to light yellow, the scales are slightly yellow and soft, and the shape is flat-round. It stores and transports relatively well, is early to mid maturing, and its yield is lower than red-skinned types, but its quality is better. Representative varieties include Lianyungang 84-1, DK Yellow, OP Yellow, Dabao, Laixuan 13 and others.

3. White-skinned: The bulb is white, the scales are white, and the shape is flat-globular; some are tall-round and spindle-shaped. It has excellent quality, but its yield is relatively low and its disease resistance is relatively weak. If sown too early in autumn in the Yangtze River Basin, it is prone to premature bolting. Representative varieties include Hami White Skin and others.

Planting conditions for onion

1. Temperature: Onion has strong adaptability to temperature. Seeds and bulbs can germinate slowly at 3 to 5 degrees C. The suitable temperature for seedling growth is 12 to 20 degrees C, for leaves 18 to 20 degrees C, and for bulbs 20 to 26 degrees C. Vigorous seedlings can tolerate low temperatures of -6 to 7 degrees C.

2. Light: Onion is a long-day crop. During bulb expansion and bolting and flowering, it needs a long photoperiod of more than 14 hours. Under high temperature and short-day conditions, it only grows leaves and cannot form bulbs. The suitable light intensity is 20,000 to 40,000 lux.

3. Water: Onion should be supplied with sufficient water during germination, vigorous seedling growth and bulb expansion, but water must be controlled during the seedling stage and before overwintering to prevent excessive seedling growth and frost damage. Watering should be controlled 12 weeks before harvest.

4. Soil: Onion has strong adaptability to soil. Fertile, loose, well-aerated neutral loam is suitable. Sandy loam easily achieves high yield, but clay loam produces plump bulbs with good color and good storage quality. The root system has weak fertilizer uptake capacity, so high yield requires sufficient nutrient conditions.

Sowing methods for onion

1. Sowing time: Choosing a suitable sowing period for onion is the key to raising strong seedlings. If sown too early, the seedlings are large and prone to bolting after overwintering; if sown late, the seedlings are weak, have poor cold resistance, and produce small bulbs and low yield. Taking the Huang-Huai River Basin as an example, the best sowing period is early to mid-September.

2. Sowing quantity: Under normal conditions, the sowing rate for onion seedling beds is 4 to 5 kg per mu. Considering that 20% of weak and inferior seedlings need to be eliminated and thinned out, the cultivation area should be 15 times that of the sowing seedbed. If the germination rate is below 70%, the sowing quantity should be increased as appropriate.

3. Bed preparation and fertilization: For onion planting, the bed height is 1.4 to 1.5 m and the bed width is 27 cm. After the bed surface is leveled, apply 15 kg of superphosphate per mu, and use 4 cubic meters of well-rotted organic manure per mu as base fertilizer. After emergence, spread quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer together with watering, applying 10 kg of urea per mu.

4. Sowing method: After the onion planting bed surface is leveled, water first, then sow evenly by broadcasting. Then cover with 0.8 cm of nutrient soil to ensure uniform emergence. After sowing, if the soil moisture cannot meet the requirements for emergence, water with a watering can to promote emergence; sowing after sprouting is also possible.

5. Emergence management: After onion emergence, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of mildew and damping-off. The method is to use 150 g of 50% carbendazim or 40% chlorothalonil per mu, mixed with 30 to 40 kg of water, and spray evenly.

Planting methods for onion

1. Timely watering: Onion enters the seedling recovery stage 20 days after transplanting. At this time, it cannot be watered heavily, but it also cannot lack water. Therefore, watering should be done frequently, but the amount each time should be small. The principle is not to let the seedlings wilt and not to let the ground dry out, so as to promote rapid rooting of the seedlings.

2. Reasonable fertilization: During the vigorous leaf growth stage and bulb expansion stage, onion should be fertilized and watered in a timely manner. Apply 15 kg of diammonium phosphate, 20 kg of diammonium phosphate, and 3 to 5 kg of potassium sulfate per mu respectively as topdressing, but avoid excessive nitrogen fertilizer.

3. Cultivation and loosening soil: During the onion seedling stage, cultivate and loosen the soil 3 to 4 times, after each watering. During the stem and leaf growth period, do it 2 to 3 times. After the plants close the rows, stop cultivation. The suitable cultivation depth is about 3 cm; it should be shallow near the planted plants and deep away from the plants.

4. Removing flower stalks: Before the flower head forms, onion flower stalks should be cut off from the lower part of the flower bud to prevent flowering from consuming nutrients, promote side bud growth, and form fuller bulbs. At the same time, spraying Diguozhuangdiling as appropriate helps increase yield.

5. Harvest time: Onion harvest is generally from the end of May to early June. When the leaves gradually begin to turn yellow from bottom to top, the pseudostem softens and begins to fall over, the bulbs stop expanding, and the outer skin becomes leathery and enters the dormant stage, this indicates that the bulbs have matured and should be harvested in time.

6. Drying after harvest: After onion harvest, it should be dried in time. Arrange the plants diagonally so that the stems and leaves of the back row just cover the bulbs of the front row, to avoid direct exposure of the bulbs to sunlight. Turn them once every 2 to 3 days, and dry until the leaves turn yellow.