How to prevent and control common diseases and pests of hyacinth bean? A full analysis of the latest control methods
Hyacinth bean has strong adaptability. Generally, planting just a few plants and providing them with a trellis to climb on allows them to grow well, with relatively high yields, making it a vegetable that many farmers like to grow. However, if planting and management are improper, it is prone to disease and pest infestation, and in severe cases can lead to total crop failure, which is very distressing. So how do you prevent and control these diseases and pests? Below, Qinong Net brings you the common disease and pest control methods for hyacinth bean.
1. Rust
Rust mainly harms the leaves. In the early stage of the disease, yellow-white lesions appear on the leaves, with raised small pustules in the lesions, which crack and release rusty-colored powder. As the disease progresses, the lesions expand and dark brown spots appear, and after rupturing, dark brown powder is released. Finally, the leaves turn yellow and drop off, causing great damage.
Control methods: Rust mainly overwinters as spores in the soil or on other diseased plant residues. It continues to cause damage the following year. After harvest, promptly collect the diseased residues and burn them in a centralized manner, then deep plow the soil and expose it to the sun until it turns white, and disinfect once more before planting. During planting, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to improve the plant's disease resistance. When the disease occurs, spray with triadimefon to eliminate the disease.
2. Viral disease
The symptoms of viral disease vary when it occurs, such as the leaf shrinkage type and the vein-clearing crinkle type, each with different characteristics. When the disease occurs, the leaves are mosaic-mottled and deformed, and some leaves become smaller, or the leaves curl and do not spread out, and the plants are stunted.
Control methods: It is mainly transmitted by insects, but high-temperature climates, dry environments, and plants in soil with poor drainage and relatively heavy clay texture can also lead to its occurrence. In addition, excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer can also cause the disease. In the early stage of the disease, spray with agents such as antivirus agents or virus net.
3. Anthracnose
Anthracnose can occur at the seedling stage and in mature plants. When it occurs at the seedling stage, lesions appear on the cotyledons, and when the temperature is too high, pink sticky matter appears on the lesions. When mature plants are infected, lesions appear on the leaves, red-brown lesions appear on the petioles and stems, and when in a high-temperature and humid environment, lesions also appear on the stems and vines. As the disease worsens, the plants rot and die.
Control methods: Disinfect the seeds and soil before planting. Avoid continuous cropping, and carry out rotation with non-legume crops for more than 2 years. Strengthen field management, promptly clean up, pull out, and burn diseased plants when found, and deep plow the soil to prevent the pathogen from spreading again. When the disease occurs, root irrigation treatment with carbendazim wettable powder can be used.
4. Aphids
Aphids, also called honey insects, mainly harm the leaves and tender parts of the plant. They generally like to gather on the underside of leaves to suck sap, causing the leaves to shrink, curl, and turn yellow, hindering the plant's normal functions, and ultimately causing the plant to wilt and even die.
Control methods: Before overwintering, completely clear away weeds and debris, deep plow the soil, and eliminate the eggs. Aphids reproduce fastest at 23-27°C and 75%-85% humidity. Strengthen management and create an environment unfavorable for aphid growth. Natural enemies can also be used for control, and chemical agents can also be sprayed for control.
The above are the common disease and pest control methods for hyacinth bean brought to you by Qinong Net. The control methods for hyacinth bean diseases and pests are introduced here. For more related agricultural knowledge, please follow Qinong Net.