Tutorial on Mustard Tuber Cultivation Techniques: A Detailed Explanation of the Latest Planting Methods
Mustard tuber belongs to the mustard family and is a type of semi-dry fermented brassica vegetable. It is generally used to make pickles and is one of China's famous specialty products and one of the world's three famous pickled vegetables. In China, Fuling mustard tuber is especially famous. It is rich in nutrients such as protein and carotene, and has effects such as strengthening the spleen and stimulating the appetite, and relieving dizziness. What everyone usually eats is processed mustard tuber, but what the editor brings below is the cultivation techniques for mustard tuber before processing.
1. Sow at the right time
The sowing time of mustard tuber is very critical and is an important factor in whether a high yield can ultimately be obtained. In China, mustard tuber is mainly sown in autumn, generally starting around October, with the specific time depending on weather conditions and the growing environment. Sometimes even a three-day difference in sowing time can cause a large difference in yield. The timing of sowing affects the quality and yield of mustard tuber. If sown too early, it may lead to severe viral disease and may also cause premature bolting. If sown too late, the tubers of the mustard tuber will become smaller and the yield will be reduced.
2. Raising seedlings and planting out
Raising good mustard tuber seedlings is also a key factor for high yield and good quality in the later stage. Before sowing, the seeds should first be cleaned and soaked. Generally, 50 grams of seeds are mixed evenly with 10 kilograms of mud ash, then broadcast, and the mustard tuber seeds are covered with burnt mud ash, and finally covered with grass material to retain moisture. After the seeds sprout, the grass material can be removed and the seedlings can be planted out. After planting out, when the seedlings have produced their first leaf, thinning can be carried out. During thinning, attention should be paid to pulling out the fast-growing, large-leaved variant seedlings. At the second and third leaves, carry out a second thinning, removing poorly developed weak seedlings and diseased seedlings, maintaining a reasonable density and ensuring normal growth.
3. Reasonable fertilization
Mustard tuber has a relatively large nutrient requirement during its growth process and also has relatively high requirements for base fertilizer. The amount of base fertilizer should be determined according to the planting area. Generally, the base fertilizer for one mu is about 4000 jin, and pig pen manure is best for the base fertilizer. During the growth period, topdressing should also be carried out in stages. Thirty days after planting out, carry out the first topdressing, using fully decomposed farmyard manure. Then, before winter begins, carry out the second topdressing, which can also use farmyard manure. After topdressing, carry out intertillage and earth up to prepare for winter. While keeping the soil moist, it should not alternate between dry and wet. The purpose is to prevent premature flowering due to loss of fertilizer. Stop fertilizing one month before harvest to prevent overly fast growth that causes hollowing.
4. Pest and disease control
The main pest and disease of mustard tuber is aphids. Aphids can also cause viral disease in mustard tuber, and the occurrence is especially severe in dry weather, so timely control must be carried out when encountering dry summer weather. Especially at the seedling stage and the early stage after planting out, these two stages are the key periods for controlling aphids. Use pesticides such as Yashiling and dimethoate for control, and great importance must be attached to this. After harvest, the soil should immediately be plowed and disinfected, and the land exposed to the sun to kill bacteria and parasites in the soil, reduce pathogens and the incidence rate in the coming year, and continuous cropping may also be avoided.
The above is the cultivation technique for mustard tuber. Mustard tuber is generally grown for processing, so if the mustard tuber is not grown well, it will affect the final processing quality of the mustard tuber and affect its commercial value and reputation. When planting, everyone must have a correct planting and management method, after all, it is closely related to their own interests. If pests and diseases are found, timely control must also be carried out. Do not take them lightly, as pests and diseases can cause a large reduction in mustard tuber yield or even a total loss of harvest.