How to Plant Black Soybeans? The Latest Planting Techniques and Method Tutorial
Black soybean is a type of soybean, named for its black seed coat. It is also called horse bean and winter bean. In daily life it is often used to make porridge. It has the effects of dispelling wind and clearing heat, detoxifying and promoting urination, and tonifying the kidney and nourishing the blood. It is also rich in various nutrients needed by the human body. It is a crop that combines food and medicinal uses, and is deeply loved by people. So with such powerful effects, how many people know how it is planted? Let's take a look at the black soybean planting techniques with Qinnong Network below.
1. Seed selection and treatment
The quality of the seeds determines the yield and quality, so seed selection is extremely important. Select varieties that grow vigorously, have strong disease resistance and stable yield. Remove diseased seeds, insect-damaged seeds and moldy seeds, and select large seeds that are neat and uniform, spherical and oval in shape, and have a light white powdery substance on the surface for sowing. Before sowing, they must be treated to increase the germination rate. When the weather is clear, spread the seeds on the ground and turn and sun-dry them for 1-2 days. After sun-drying the seeds, stir them evenly with a diluted solution of zinc sulfate and borax to eliminate pathogens on the surface, and then they can be sown.
2. Land preparation and fertilization
Choose flat level ground, and require a plot with loose soil and good drainage for planting. Before planting, plow deeply 15-20cm. After plowing, harrow and level the soil clods finely, requiring the soil to be fine and broken with no obvious clods and stones. Before sowing, fertilize the plot after land preparation. Apply 2000-3000kg of farmyard manure per mu, or use 400kg of organic fertilizer, together with some phosphate and potassium fertilizer and other fertilizers. Farmyard manure is applied before land preparation, while fertilizers such as organic fertilizer are applied during plowing.
3. Sowing and seedling raising
Black soybeans can generally be sown when the soil temperature is 10 degrees, usually in March to April. Hole sowing and drill sowing methods can be used. If they are not planted in the same plot as other crops, drill sowing is generally used. For drill sowing, note that the soil covering must be neat and uniform to prevent uneven depth, and also pay attention to sowing density, which should not be too dense. Generally, about 10,000 plants are kept per mu; for hole sowing, sow 3-4 seeds per hole, cover with 3-4cm of soil, and use 2-3kg of seed per mu. After sowing, pay attention to field conditions. After emergence, check in time and replant missing seedlings promptly. When compound leaves grow, thinning can be carried out, pulling out diseased seedlings, weak seedlings, mixed seedlings, and so on.
4. Field management
Field management includes intertillage and weeding, fertilizer and water management, topping and chemical control, as well as pest and disease control work. Black soybeans need 3-4 intertillage and weeding operations from emergence to the flowering stage. The first is just after emergence, the second is during thinning, and the third is when the seedlings are 10cm tall. After black soybeans enter the flowering stage, after various growth stages, the base fertilizer has almost been used up, so at this time topdressing is needed to maintain nutrient supply. Generally, 5kg of urea is topdressed per mu. After pod setting, foliar spraying and root-external spraying can be carried out according to growth conditions. In dry periods, water in time, and in rainy seasons, pay attention to drainage and waterlogging prevention measures. In order to make the plant begin to bear more fruit and inhibit the plant from growing too densely, timely pinching is necessary. When 5-6 true leaves have grown, pinch the heart to make it grow horizontally. When the 4th-5th branch grows, remove the terminal bud in time to promote branch growth. The main diseases of black soybean planting are mosaic virus disease and bacterial spot disease, and the pests are aphids and pod borers. Their control work should be done well.
The above is the black soybean planting technique brought to you by Qinnong Network. We hope it can help you. To learn more about bean planting knowledge, please follow Qinnong Network.