How to prevent and control common pests and diseases of black soybeans? A detailed explanation of the latest control methods
Black soybeans also suffer from pest and disease infestation during cultivation. Black soybeans have stronger disease resistance than other legumes, and generally have relatively few diseases, mainly pest damage. In recent years, as the planting area has grown larger and larger, the frequency of pests and diseases has also become higher and higher, affecting the growth and yield of black soybeans. So what common pests and diseases do black soybeans have? Come with Qinnong.com to look at the control methods.
1. Mosaic virus disease
Mosaic virus disease is one of the few diseases of black soybeans. It is a viral disease. After the virus infects the plant, it mainly harms the leaves, pods and seeds, causing deformed plant growth, dull seeds, and pale yellow diseased spots on the leaves. In severe cases, the plant curls up and dies.
Control methods: Choose disease-free fields for planting, and select seeds that are plump, have no brown spots on the seed coat, and have strong disease resistance for planting. During planting, strengthen fertilizer and water management, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, improve plant disease resistance, and cultivate robust seedlings. When the disease occurs, spray with 1.5% Zhibingling emulsifiable concentrate at 1000 times dilution, or 5% Junduqing at 400 times dilution for control.
⟦NL>2. Bean stem black leafminer
The bean stem black leafminer is a widely distributed boring pest. The larvae mainly cause damage. Adults lay eggs in the soil, on plants, or on plants around the field. After the larvae hatch from the eggs, they invade the stems from the tender parts of the leaf veins and petioles, boring into the pith and xylem of the stems. The plant's absorption of nutrients and water is blocked, growth is poor, and because nutrients and water accumulate in the root system, swelling forms, and the plant becomes dwarfed. In the later stage, flowers and pods drop, causing reduced yield or total crop failure.
Control methods: Select early-maturing, high-yield and pest-resistant varieties, and try not to miss the optimal sowing time. During the adult outbreak period, brown sugar water mixed with vinegar, liquor and insecticide can be used for trapping and killing, which can reduce pest damage. During the larval and egg stages, insecticide can be sprayed for control.
3. Aphids
Aphids also cause damage as larvae. They mainly harm leaves, flowers and pods. In the early stage of plant growth, they harm the leaves, gnawing at the leaves and making them incomplete, reducing photosynthesis and weakening nutrient synthesis. During the flowering and pod-setting stage, they burrow into flowers or pods and gnaw at them, causing reduced yield or total crop failure.
Control methods: During planting, completely remove weeds near the field to reduce pest sources. The above-mentioned brown sugar water mixed with liquor and vinegar can also be used for trapping and killing, or natural enemies can be used for control, which is also a feasible method. If neither of these works, during the aphid outbreak period, pesticides such as Keyaxing emulsifiable concentrate and Pirimicarb wettable powder can be sprayed. Pay attention to the concentration and dosage used, and also alternate their use to avoid developing pesticide resistance.
4. Fruit borers
Fruit borers mainly harm leaves and pods. In the early stage of infestation, they often live on the leaves, rolling the leaves into curled leaves, and feed inside the curled leaves. In the later stage, they harm the pods, burrow into the pods, and gnaw the seeds clean, causing great damage.
Control methods: After harvest, gather the dead plants and fallen leaves in the field and burn them centrally to reduce pest sources and overwintering eggs. In the early stage, manual capture can be carried out by removing the curled leaves and crushing the fruit borers inside. Spraying with 15% Anda suspension at 4000 times dilution or 5% Yitaibao emulsifiable concentrate at 1500 times dilution can also be used for control.
The above are the common pest and disease control methods for black soybeans brought to you by Qinnong.com. We hope they can help you. If you want to learn more, please stay tuned to Qinnong.com.