The Latest Tutorial on Shiitake Mushroom Cultivation Techniques and Methods
Shiitake mushroom is a very popular edible fungus, and the market demand for it in our country is very large. Therefore, the cultivation area of shiitake mushrooms is now very extensive. Moreover, the cultivation area of shiitake mushrooms is still continuously expanding, and many novice growers also want to start cultivating them. But they are troubled by not knowing how to cultivate them. So how should shiitake mushrooms be grown? Below, the editor brings you the cultivation techniques for shiitake mushrooms. Let's take a look!
1. Mushroom yard setup
The shiitake mushroom yard should be set up in a place that is sheltered from the wind, has sufficient light, is rich in natural resources, and has sufficient water sources. Then, according to a shade density of 70%, do a good job of clearing the mushroom yard to facilitate later management and improve the permeability of the site. Before inoculation, clear away fallen leaves, dead branches, and surrounding decaying matter in the site to avoid excessive miscellaneous bacteria and pests affecting the growth of shiitake mushrooms. Then do a good job of land preparation, control the density well, and set up management passages. If the surrounding trees are insufficient and the shade density is low, then a shade shed must be built. Finally, sprinkle a layer of lime on the ground to prevent the invasion of pests and miscellaneous bacteria.
2. Mushroom tree preparation
There are many tree species that can be used for cultivating shiitake mushrooms, generally mainly trees of the Fagaceae family. Mushroom trees must not contain aromatic oil substances, to prevent affecting the growth of shiitake mushrooms. The bark must not be too thin or too thick, and must remain tightly attached to the trunk, which can facilitate temperature and humidity regulation during cultivation and reduce the chance of miscellaneous bacteria invasion. It is necessary to ensure there is little heartwood to promote the decomposition of shiitake mushroom mycelium. The diameter of the mushroom tree should be kept at about 15 cm, and the tree age should also be more than 10 years. If the tree age is young, the fruiting time of shiitake mushrooms will be earlier, and the shiitake mushrooms will have thin flesh, while the mushroom tree is prone to rot and deterioration, which will have a great impact on yield.
3. Timely inoculation
When inoculating shiitake mushrooms, the temperature should be controlled at about 10-15 degrees, and it is usually best to do it around March in southern regions. First, we should control the row spacing well on the mushroom tree and punch inoculation holes. Adjacent inoculation holes should be controlled at a distance of about 6 cm from the cut surface to improve resistance to miscellaneous bacteria. The diameter and depth of the inoculation holes should be controlled at about 15 mm. After punching the inoculation holes, inoculation should be carried out in time to prevent water loss from the inoculation holes and the invasion of miscellaneous bacteria. Generally, the principle is to inoculate as soon as holes are punched. After inoculation, seal the openings of the inoculation holes promptly with wax, or cover them with wooden blocks of the same size as the inoculation holes and tap them tight and flat. This improves sealing, reduces water evaporation, and promotes the growth of shiitake mushrooms.
4. Cultivation management
After inoculation, the mycelium is broken up, so the growth ability of the spawn is also reduced, and its adaptability is also somewhat insufficient. Therefore, in order to ensure the growth of shiitake mushrooms and restore the growth vigor of the mycelium, we must do a good job of heat preservation and moisture retention. If the bark of the mushroom tree is found to be lifting, then shading work should be strengthened, watering should be done appropriately to improve moisture retention, the air humidity should be controlled at about 65%, and the temperature at about 20 degrees. Also, due to the number of layers, the temperature and humidity of the mushroom trees in each layer are different, so we should turn the pile about once every half a month, and reasonably change the arrangement according to the surrounding environment and weather to promote the growth of mycelium.
The above is a brief introduction to shiitake mushroom cultivation techniques. Cultivating shiitake mushrooms is relatively troublesome. During the cultivation process, it is also necessary to do a good job of shading, check the survival rate, prevent the invasion of pests and diseases, and also do a good job of managing the fruiting bodies. Therefore, before cultivating, everyone must do a good job of learning and preparing cultivation techniques. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and we hope it can help everyone!