An introduction to the latest growing conditions for broccoli
Broccoli, also called green cauliflower, was introduced in the 19th century and originated in central Italy, which shows that broccoli originally adapted to growing under a Mediterranean climate. So when it was first introduced, it must have been planted in a similar climate environment. After many years of artificial cultivation, the adaptability of the varieties became stronger and stronger. The growing range also became more widespread. So what exactly are the requirements of broccoli for its growing environment? Let's take a look together.
1. Temperature
It has strong adaptability to temperature. It can grow at around 5 degrees, though rather slowly, and the higher the temperature, the faster it grows. But if the temperature is too high, the quality is poorer and the growth tends to age. So the most suitable growing temperature is 15 to 25 degrees. Germination requires a temperature above 20 degrees, and seedlings can grow well above 15 degrees. Low temperatures can complete vernalization. Broccoli is relatively heat-tolerant and cold-tolerant.
2. Humidity
During growth, in order to keep the broccoli plant normally transporting nutrients and inorganic salts, it needs a large amount of water. The leaves need to maintain photosynthesis, and spreading out and standing upright both require enough water. It cannot lack water; even a short period of water shortage will reduce the yield. But the soil humidity should not be too high. Above 80%, it is prone to rotting-type diseases caused by high temperature and high humidity. However, during the heading stage, the soil humidity should be kept close to 80%.
3. Light
Broccoli has relatively broad requirements for light, but it needs sunlight and likes sunlight. Sunlight is favorable for head formation during the rosette stage. With better photosynthesis, nutrients are more sufficient, which is beneficial to growth and development. It can also maintain growth vigor and make the curd full. But strong light easily scorches the curd and causes black spots.
4. Soil and nutrients
It has strong adaptability to soil. As long as it is not dry land, saline-alkali land, or extremely barren land, it can survive. But it is best in well-drained, deep soil, which is favorable for absorbing nutrients, and the soil texture should be somewhat loose, which is favorable for rapid drainage and prevents water accumulation. It is suitable for growing in neutral to slightly acidic soil. Do not apply too much base fertilizer; if over-fertilized, the flower stalk will not be firm. It needs the most nitrogen fertilizer, followed by potassium fertilizer, and the least phosphorus fertilizer. After heading, phosphorus and potassium are relatively increased. During the heading stage, trace elements such as boron and molybdenum should be sprayed.
The growth of most plants is directly affected by climate, which determines the growing location and environment. Broccoli also needs to determine its environment according to its own growth needs. When environmental conditions can be controlled by humans, this actually indirectly controls the yield and quality of growth.