Pollution-Free Eggplant Cultivation Technique Tutorial: A Detailed Explanation of the Latest Production Methods
Eggplant is a very popular vegetable in China, and its planting area is also very large. The traditional eggplant cultivation methods of the past inevitably required the use of pesticides, chemical fertilizers, and so on. This more or less affects the quality of the eggplant to some extent. Therefore, current eggplant cultivation methods are generally based on pollution-free production. So today, the editor has brought you the pollution-free production technology for eggplant. Let's take a look below!
1. Seed Selection and Seedling Raising
First, we need to choose an eggplant variety with strong disease resistance, and that is sterile and free of pests and diseases. For example, Yuanza No. 2, Ziguang Large Round Eggplant, and so on. Before sowing, soak the seeds in cold water for about 3 hours, then soak them in warm water at about 50 degrees for half an hour. After drying, soak them in formalin for a quarter of an hour, then soak them in carbendazim for two hours to do a good job of disinfection. Finally, wrap the seeds in a wet cloth and place them at a temperature of about 28 degrees for germination, cleaning them once a day. Turn them about once every 5 hours. After about 5 days, when more than half of the seeds have sprouted, sowing can begin.
2. Seedbed Preparation
The soil in the seedling bed should be soil that has not previously been used to grow solanaceous vegetables, mixed and stirred with decomposed farmyard manure, and then an appropriate amount of compound fertilizer should be added. After mixing, put the nutrient soil into the seedling bed. Then disinfect the seedling bed, mainly using carbendazim and thiram, mixing them together in a controlled ratio, and then spreading them on the bed surface when sowing. The sowing time for eggplant depends on the sowing method. If it is open-field cultivation, then it is generally in January to February each year, while greenhouse cultivation is in August. First, water thoroughly to ensure sufficient bottom water, and after sowing, cover with a layer of fine soil.
3. Seedling Stage Management
First, we must control the temperature well and adjust it reasonably according to the growth stage of the seedlings. After sowing but before the seedlings are fully emerged, the temperature should be controlled at about 30 degrees, and the nighttime temperature should be controlled at about 21 degrees. During the seedling separation period, the temperature should be appropriately lowered by about 5 degrees. Before seedling separation, thinning should be carried out twice, with the seedling spacing controlled at about 3 cm. If they are grafted seedlings, then the seedling spacing should be increased by about one more cm. When the seedlings grow 3 true leaves, they should be appropriately separated, removing pest- and disease-affected seedlings, old seedlings, and miscellaneous seedlings, and then cover with an appropriate amount of soil.
4. Water and Fertilizer Management
For open-field planting of eggplant seedlings, transplanting is around Qingming Festival, while for greenhouse cultivation it is in September to October. After transplanting, water appropriately once to help the seedlings recover, then carry out intertillage, keeping the number of intertillage operations to about two. The soil should mainly be kept alternating between dry and moist. When the first eggplant fruit grows to about the size of a ping-pong ball, watering should be combined with the application of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer. Then water about once every 10 days, and combine topdressing with watering once every 20 days. The topdressing fertilizer should mainly be nitrogen fertilizer. After entering the full fruiting stage, about two foliar fertilizer sprays should also be applied appropriately.
The above is a brief introduction to the pollution-free production technology for eggplant. The pollution-free production technology for eggplant is actually similar to traditional cultivation methods; the main point is not to use harmful substances such as chemical fertilizers and herbicides. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only. Thank you for reading and supporting.