What are the latest pest control methods for greenhouse vegetables?
People call greenhouse and plastic tunnel cultivation a protected cultivation method. Although it can retain heat and moisture and create a separate microclimate environment, it still cannot be perfect. For example, large insects can be controlled, and many insects cannot get in to cause damage, but there are still many smaller pests that will get in and cause damage. It is impossible to guard against them all. So what should be done after vegetables grown in greenhouses are infested with insects? Let us take a look at the specific elimination methods together.
1. Pesticide application requirements
Do not spray pesticide on cloudy and rainy days, and do not spray pesticide in a high-humidity environment, as this will reduce the efficacy; you can spray pesticide after ventilating. Do not apply pesticide when the temperature is high, as phytotoxicity is likely to occur. Alternate pesticides, do not use the same pesticide for a long time, and do not use highly toxic pesticides or pesticides with residues. Do not use fumigants. Do not adjust the pesticide concentration at will, and pesticide use must follow the safe interval. Use high-efficiency, low-toxicity, safe pesticides.
2. Killing insects
The pests that occur most in greenhouses are aphids, leafminers, noctuid moths, whiteflies, red spider mites, slug moths, and the like. Common control methods include trap killing, handpicking, solar insect-killing lamps, and spraying urea and washing powder aqueous solution to kill them. Or spraying the extract of Celastrus angulatus has a good killing effect. Spraying chili water plus garlic water plus industrial alcohol kills insects.
3. Other methods
Choose insect-resistant varieties, prevent in advance, and intercrop with vegetables that can repel harmful insects. For example, garlic and Chinese cabbage have the effect of mutually repelling insects. Or plant plants such as rosemary around the greenhouse, which can repel insects; the insects are not adapted to the smell, and using other plants with special smells has the same effect. Fertilize in a balanced way, do not apply excessive nitrogen fertilizer, and increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.
4. Clean the environment
Keep the interior clean. Severely diseased plants should be pulled out and taken away, and the nearby soil and vegetables should all be disinfected. Frequently remove some dead leaves, diseased leaves, weeds, rotten roots, and diseased plant residues; affected vegetables should be pulled out as early as possible. When the environment is better, there will be far fewer insects. Note that insects hide in the soil, so the soil must be turned every season to clear out the insects.
Many insect pests also occur in greenhouses and plastic tunnels, and the common ones are all insects with strong vitality and strong reproductive capacity. Control mainly consists of choosing high-efficiency and safe pesticides and using some other self-made preparations sprayed to kill insects. Use multiple methods to kill insects.