How to use ecological measures to control vegetable diseases? An introduction to the latest methods

Although vegetable cultivation is very common in our lives, we often run into problems with diseases. Moreover, years of continuous repeated planting have led to a year-by-year rising trend in the occurrence of vegetable diseases. Many people rely mainly on chemical control when preventing and controlling vegetable diseases. In fact, compared with chemical control, ecological control can not only reduce costs but also reduce pollution. So how should ecological techniques be used to prevent and control vegetable diseases? Let's take a look below!

1. Cleaning the field

When carrying out vegetable planting and production, every time vegetables are harvested, the field must be cleaned up properly. The residual branches and fallen leaves, diseased fruits and so on of the vegetable crops must all be gathered and removed from the field. This is because these things may carry pathogens. By overwintering or oversummering on these materials and then becoming active again when the environment is suitable, they cause vegetables to develop disease. Therefore, after vegetable harvest and before planting, the field must be cleaned up properly. The diseased plant residues and weeds must be removed thoroughly, and then the soil should be deep ploughed for disinfection, which can effectively reduce the speed of pathogen spread and the disease incidence rate.

2. Ploughing the soil and sealing the greenhouse

Under the high-temperature environment of summer, if vegetables are being rotated to a new crop, then before planting the soil should be deep ploughed all over to destroy the living environment of pathogens. Because summer temperatures are relatively high, we can disinfect by the method of high-temperature greenhouse sealing. After deep ploughing the soil, pour in sufficient water. Then close all the ventilation openings of the greenhouse to seal it, so that the temperature of the upper soil layer can reach as high as 70 degrees. Under the high-temperature environment, most pathogens cannot survive. This method is very suitable for greenhouses with severe soil-borne diseases, and when used together with chemical agents, the effect is very obvious.

3. Reasonable crop rotation

The occurrence of diseases in many vegetable crops is mostly caused by soil-borne diseases. Soil-borne diseases, in turn, are caused by continuous cropping, so many vegetables cannot be continuously cropped. Therefore, crop rotation must be done well. In crop rotation there is paddy-upland rotation, vegetable-grain rotation, vegetable-to-vegetable rotation and so on. We should, according to the survival of pathogens and the actual environmental conditions, eliminate pathogens through crop rotation. This reduces the spread and harm of pathogens. Crop rotation can not only reduce the base number of pathogens in the soil but also enhance the stress resistance of vegetable plants.

4. Planting disease-controlling crops

Many vegetable crops actually have the effect of controlling diseases. For example, Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum) is a pungent crop. During growth, its root zone can produce an antibacterial microorganism that can inhibit the reproduction and activity of pathogens. This achieves the effect of lowering the disease incidence rate. So when planting vegetables, we can intercrop or relay-crop them with Welsh onion. This can control pathogens, lower the pathogen base number and so on. It provides a guarantee for the normal growth of vegetable crops.

The above is a brief introduction to how to use ecological techniques to prevent and control vegetable diseases. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and we hope it can help everyone!