What are the newest eggplant rootstock varieties for grafting?
Eggplant is very common in our daily lives, and its planting area is also very large. When growing eggplant, because eggplant has relatively poor disease resistance, it is prone to various diseases that affect its growth. Therefore, many people now use grafting to reduce disease. However, when grafting eggplant, the choice of rootstock is very important. So below, the editor has brought you eggplant grafting rootstock varieties. Let's take a look!
1. Red eggplant
Red eggplant is also called red eggplant and flat eggplant. If red eggplant is used as the rootstock, the eggplant plants have relatively strong resistance to fusarium wilt, verticillium wilt, and other diseases. The root system of red eggplant has strong growth ability, and the stems are thick and the internodes are compact. The seeds are similar to pepper seeds and have a relatively high germination rate. When grafting, split grafting or slant grafting is generally used. If red eggplant is used as the rootstock, the sowing time only needs to be about one week earlier than the scion. Generally, red eggplant is selected as the rootstock in places with mild disease incidence. If there is severe soil-borne disease, then red eggplant cannot be used.
2. Spiny eggplant
Spiny eggplant originally belongs to a wild Solanaceae plant. The stems and leaves of the plant have many spines, hence the name spiny eggplant. Spiny eggplant is mainly used for high resistance to verticillium wilt and is very commonly used in northern regions. The thousand-grain weight of spiny eggplant seeds is about 2 g, and the seed color is mainly black-red. Its germination rate is also relatively high. After soaking the seeds for one day, they can all germinate in about ten days. However, during its seedling stage, although damping-off is rare, Rhizoctonia rot is prone to occur. Spiny eggplant has strong low-temperature tolerance, so it is suitable for use in autumn. If high-temperature and high-humidity conditions are encountered during the seedling stage, water control and seedling hardening should be done well to avoid excessive growth.
3. Torubamu
Torubamu is a variety of eggplant native to Japan. This eggplant rootstock mainly has high resistance or even direct immunity to four soil-borne diseases such as bacterial wilt and root-knot nematode. The root system of Torubamu is very developed, and the plant growth vigor is also very strong, with long internodes. However, the germination rate of Torubamu is relatively low, and under normal conditions it is not easy to germinate. It needs to be soaked with gibberellin for 1-2 days, and then alternating-temperature germination promotion should be done well. Seedlings can only emerge after about a week. However, after emergence, its growth ability is strong, the eggplant fruit quality is good, its commercial value is high, and the yield is also very considerable.
4. Totosiga eggplant
Totosiga eggplant is a new grafting variety of eggplant introduced into China from the United States. It has strong vigor, is easy to germinate, and can be immune to various soil-borne diseases. For example, common verticillium wilt, bacterial wilt, and so on. Its growth is also very robust. If this variety is used as the rootstock, then its fruiting period can be extended by about one month. The yield can also be doubled because of this, and it will not affect the quality of the eggplant fruit.
The above is a brief introduction to eggplant grafting rootstock varieties. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and I hope it can be helpful to everyone!