Latest Organic Rice Cultivation Precautions and Technical Method Tutorial

Organic rice production absolutely must not use any pesticides, chemical fertilizers or other chemically synthesized substances. Technical steps such as weeding and pest and disease prevention are all replaced by agronomic measures, and the production process must adopt a combination of manual and biological control methods to produce rice.

Main Field Fertilization

Apply fully decomposed farmyard manure at 40-45 cubic meters per hectare. Apply it all at once as base fertilizer, with no topdressing. To ensure stable yield and stress resistance, the chemical fertilizer amount can be reduced by 50% in the first year, by 75% in the second year, and no chemical fertilizer may be applied in the third year, when chemical fertilizer residues in the soil are basically eliminated.

Seed Selection and Soaking

Select high-quality varieties with strong stress resistance, such as Jijing 83, Jijing 88, etc. Rice seed treatment: use warm water instead of chemical seed soaking sterilization to prevent bakanae disease.

Rice seeds must be dry. Use 15 kg of warm water, maintain the water temperature at 60 degrees Celsius, and place 4 kg of rice seeds into the 60 degrees Celsius warm water to soak for 10-15 minutes. After soaking, remove the seeds and immediately soak them in 15 kg of cold water to return them to normal temperature. Then use 1:1.13 salt water for seed selection.

Seedling Management

Use mountain topsoil or field soil from the previous year plus fully decomposed farmyard manure in a 2:1 ratio to prepare nutrient soil. Use rice vinegar to adjust the acidity of the seedbed soil, replacing rice seedling bed conditioner, applying 20 kg of nutrient soil per square meter. For underground pests in the seedling bed, use kang hole ash to drive them away. Evenly scatter the kang hole ash on the bed surface, then spread the nutrient soil, then rake the bed surface fine and level for sparse sowing, evenly cover with 1.0 cm of soil, then cover the soil layer with a 0.5 cm layer of fine sand to retain water and prevent weeds.

Sow sparsely, 3-5 liang of wet seed per square meter; cultivate strong seedlings, control temperature and moisture, and improve stress resistance; scatter poisoned grain around the four sides of the seedling bed to prevent underground pests; weed manually in time.

Land Preparation and Sparse Transplanting

Evenly scatter high-quality farmyard manure on the main field, then deep plow the land. Harrow the field twice to eliminate weed sources, with an interval of about 7-10 days, maintaining a water layer to control weed sprouts. When seedlings have 1-2 tillers and 4-4.5 leaves, carry out sparse transplanting. Improve seedling quality and enhance plant stress resistance.

Main Field Management

1. Weeding is mainly done by raising ducks in the rice field, supplemented by manual weeding.

① Release 7-10 ducks per mu. The release time should not be too early; release the ducks around June 10 in fine weather. The ducks should be more than 50 days old, so prepare ducklings in advance according to plan. After the ducks are released into the field, generally no manual guarding is needed. Protect the four sides of the main field with netting. Set the duck house on the field ridge. Where there are many weeds in the field, release more ducks; otherwise release fewer. Collect the ducks after heading and at the early stage of grain filling to prevent the ducks from eating rice ears.

② When the ducks are in the rice field, they eat small grasses in the field when young, and mainly eat broadleaf weeds after growing up. At the same time, the trampling of the ducks can indirectly play a weeding role. Their excrement is very good organic fertilizer, which can increase soil fertility by about 15% and increase rice yield by about 7%. Ducks have an innate habit of rooting in the ground, which can play a role in intertillage and soil activation, loosen the soil, increase oxygen, and promote rice root development. After autumn, the plants mature with green stalks, improving the thousand-grain weight and maturity of rice.

2. Pest and disease control

① Duck-based pest control is the main method. Ducks in the rice field can eat the adults and larvae of rice water weevils, striped stem borers, rice leaf beetles, etc.

② The striped stem borer is the main insect pest of rice in the north. Trichogramma can be used to control the striped stem borer (the timing is basically the same as in corn fields). Because sparse transplanting and strong seedlings have been achieved, the rice plants in the main field grow robustly, and diseases such as rice blast and sheath blight generally occur lightly or not at all. In years with severe disease, biological agents such as kasugamycin can be used for control.