The Latest Management Methods for the Late Growth Stage of Rice Cultivation

Pest and Disease Control

1. Diseases: The main disease that needs attention in the late growth stage of rice is rice blast. After the rice heads out, seize the opportunity to apply pesticide 2---3 times, with an interval of about 7 days. About 100 grams of tricyclazole wettable powder can be used per mu, sprayed on the leaves after mixing with 30 kg of water.

2. Insect pests: The main pests in the late growth stage of rice are the white-backed planthopper, brown planthopper, armyworm, and rice leaf roller. All four of these pests have long-distance migratory and sudden outbreak characteristics, and timely control should be carried out. The Shoulei insecticide series produced by Guangxi Jiuhe can be selected ---- the special insecticide for rice leaf roller mixed with the special insecticide for rice planthopper, both used at 30 ml per mu, sprayed on the leaves after mixing with 45----60 kg of water. The control effect is especially excellent.

Water and Fertilizer Management

Strengthening irrigation management in the late stage of rice is very important for preventing premature senescence of rice, raising soil temperature to promote early ripening, preventing rice blast, and increasing yield. Rice needs more water in the late stage and the root system needs more oxygen. Both water and oxygen are supplied by the soil, which easily creates a contradiction between water and air in the soil. To resolve this contradiction and achieve the goal of nourishing the roots and protecting the leaves, we should start from three aspects:

1. Reinforce the field ridges, clear drainage channels, lower the groundwater level, and enhance the vertical permeability of the soil. Through vertical permeation, harmful substances such as salt, alkali, and hydrogen sulfide in the soil are carried away, while oxygen dissolved in the water is brought into the lower soil layers, enhancing root vitality.

2. Implement shallow-water irrigation, and implement intermittent irrigation in the late filling stage, alternating dry and wet. The water layer should be 2---3 cm. Wait for it to seep dry naturally until the field does not sink underfoot and the soil does not crack, then irrigate the next round of water. The stop-water period should be well controlled. The stop-water period is generally about 40 days after the rice is in full heading, or 7--10 days before harvest. For rice fields with a high groundwater level and heavy salinity and alkalinity, water retention should be the main approach, and the stop-water period should be appropriately delayed to prevent soil salinization from returning and premature senescence of rice.

3. Apply additional foliar fertilizer and plant growth regulators. After the rice is in full heading, it is not suitable to apply nitrogen fertilizer to the root zone. Instead, applying foliar fertilizer and plant growth regulators is an auxiliary measure to prevent premature senescence and delayed maturity with excessive vegetative growth. Spraying foliar fertilizers such as rare earth potassium dihydrogen phosphate at the conventional rate can promote grain filling and promote early ripening and increased yield. Generally, 1--2 applications are sufficient.