How to prevent and control rice lodging? A detailed explanation of the latest measures

Types of rice lodging

1. Root lodging

Due to poor root development, the roots are shallow and unstable, lacking support, so that under slight wind and rain they fall flat on the ground;

2. Stem lodging

Because the stems are not sturdy and cannot bear the weight of the upper part, lodging of varying degrees occurs.

Causes of rice lodging

1. Non-lodging-resistant varieties

Varieties with short internodes, thick stems, upright leaves, short flag leaves and well-developed root systems are not prone to lodging; otherwise they are lodging-prone varieties. Planting lodging-prone varieties is the key point in preventing rice lodging.

2. Unreasonable planting density

Too many planting holes (hills) per mu or too many seedlings per hole seriously affects the ventilation and light penetration of rice, causing poor root growth, thin and weak plants, and elongation of the basal internodes, which easily leads to lodging.

3. Inadequate fertilizer and water management

One-sided heavy application of nitrogen fertilizer makes the plants grow excessively, close the rows too early, elongate at jointing, and develop too large a leaf area at the heading stage, causing lodging; long-term deep flooding causes excessive growth of the basal internodes of the stems, early death of the lower leaves, and poor root development, resulting in lodging.

4. Damage from diseases and pests

If diseases and pests are not controlled in time, the stem tissues are destroyed, which also easily causes lodging.

Prevention and control measures

1. Select fertilizer-tolerant and lodging-resistant varieties

For example, choose semi-dwarf varieties with thick stems, well-developed root systems, upright leaves and tolerance to fertilizer.

2. Strengthen water and fertilizer management

Apply nitrogen fertilizer in appropriate amounts, rationally increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and apply small amounts of micro-fertilizers such as silicon fertilizer; irrigate frequently with shallow water. At each growth stage of rice, the method of shallow-wet intermittent irrigation should be adopted. At the booting stage the water layer may be appropriately deepened, and after heading, keep a shallow water layer with frequent irrigation.

3. Rational close planting

Building a reasonable population structure can prevent excessive population density, ensure good ventilation and light penetration, keep stem and leaf tissues robust, enhance resistance to diseases and pests, and also enhance the lodging resistance of the stems.

4. Sun-drying the field at the right time

Sun-drying the field is an important measure to prevent rice lodging. Therefore, at the late tillering stage of rice, drain and sun-dry the field to control ineffective tillering, improve the soil environment, enhance root vigor, and make the rice seedlings grow healthily and steadily.

5. Timely prevention and control of diseases and pests

Protect the lodging resistance of the stems from being destroyed by diseases and pests, or try to reduce the degree of damage to the stems.