When is the latest sowing time for soybeans?
Soybean is one of China's important food crops, commonly known as the soybean, an annual herbaceous plant of the Fabaceae genus Glycine, native to China, developed from wild soybean through long-term directional selection, improvement and domestication, with a cultivation history of five thousand years, cultivated throughout our country, most famously in the Northeast, and also widely cultivated around the world. Now let us take a look at when soybeans are sown!
Soybean Planting Time
The planting time of soybean changes according to the weather, and its planting time is generally divided into two main types: spring sowing and summer sowing. Spring sowing is carried out around Qingming, with the harvest period in September (the 8th lunar month). Summer sowing is carried out after the wheat harvest, with harvest from late September to mid-October. In addition, there is a soybean sowing period in the Northeast that is slightly later, but the harvest period is about the same. In northern China, spring soybeans are sown in April to May, the Huang-Huai-Hai summer soybean type is sown in June after the wheat harvest, and southern summer soybeans are generally sown from May to early June, while autumn soybeans are sown from late July to early August.
Pre-Sowing Treatment of Soybean
1. Pre-sowing land preparation: Soybean pre-sowing land preparation includes soil tillage as well as harrowing, hoeing, and pressing. Different land preparation techniques involve different pre-sowing land preparation, such as flat plowing, ridge cultivation, harrowing stubble, and deep loosening.
2. Pre-sowing irrigation: For soybean plots with poor soil moisture before sowing, where irrigation conditions allow, water once 1 to 2 days before sowing, just enough to soak the soil, so as to facilitate seed germination after sowing.
3. Closed weeding: If large-scale soybean cultivation is not managed in time, weeds can cause serious damage, so before sowing, herbicides are often applied by machine to carry out closed weeding in the field.
4. Seed selection: Good soybean varieties have high germination rate and germination vigor, and the seedlings are neat and robust, so before sowing, diseased seeds, insect-damaged seeds, small seeds, shriveled seeds and broken seeds should be picked out.
5. Seed treatment: Soybean seeds are commonly treated with 0.1 to 0.15% phoxim or 0.7% lindane powder or 0.3 to 0.4% carbendazim plus thiram or 0.3 to 0.5% carbendazim plus captan for seed dressing.
Soybean Sowing Methods
1. Narrow-row dense sowing method: Reducing ridge width and increasing rows, and narrow-row dense planting, is a cultivation method actively adopted at home and abroad. Changing 60 to 70 cm to 40 to 50 cm narrow-row dense planting can generally increase yield by 10 to 20%.
2. Equidistant hole sowing method: Equidistant hole sowing improves sowing efficiency and quality. After emergence, the plant spacing is suitable, the plant distribution is reasonable, and individual growth is balanced. The yield is generally about 10% higher than that of drilling.
3. Double-row sowing method: The double-row sowing method uses mechanical flat sowing on the basis of deep plowing and fine land preparation or stubble harrowing and fine land preparation, and then ridging is carried out in combination with intertillage after sowing.
4. Precision hill-drop sowing method: On the basis of autumn plowing and harrowing or autumn plowing and ridging, the stubble is completely dug out, and on the original ridge, a precision hill-drop seeder or improved harrow is used for single-seed or double-seed flat sowing or sowing on the ridge.
5. Original ridge sowing method: To prevent soil moisture loss, sowing is carried out on the stubble of the original ridge, which plays an important role in drought resistance, moisture conservation and seedling preservation, and also has benefits such as raising soil temperature and eliminating weeds.