What are the latest control methods for cotton boll rot?
The causes of cotton boll rot are basically too much rain in summer and poor ventilation, which allow various pathogens to invade the cotton and cause boll disease. Cotton boll rot is the most common symptom of boll disease, appearing to some degree every year, and it severely affects the quality and yield of cotton. So let us learn together below how cotton boll rot should be controlled.
1. Drain water promptly
When planting cotton, you must choose good land and prepare the land well. Cotton has relatively strong drought resistance and is greatly affected by moisture, so when preparing the land we must set up a drainage system, and during the cotton growing period we must promptly control and regulate the moisture in the field. That is to say, when there is a lot of heavy rain in summer, go to the field to clear the drainage system, drain the rainwater out of the cotton planting land, improve the cotton growing environment by artificial means, and promptly prevent boll disease caused by moisture.
2. Scientific density
When planting cotton, you must reasonably arrange the distance between rows and the distance between plants. When cotton grows for a certain time it will spread out, so avoid too dense planting, where cotton branches and leaves all gather together, causing stuffiness from lack of ventilation, or a humid and unventilated situation after rain, which can also cause cotton boll rot. So the general planting density is about 50 cm between rows and 30 to 40 cm between plants.
3. Loosen the soil and fertilize
To prevent and control cotton boll rot, you can also carry out intertillage and fertilization. The purpose of intertillage is to let air into the soil and evaporate the moisture in the soil. Generally, the best time for intertillage is to choose a sunny day. Fertilization of cotton fields generally uses organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and an appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer, so that the cotton does not grow especially luxuriantly, reducing the heavy, dense feeling in the cotton field, allowing sunlight to reach it and achieving a ventilating effect.
4. Scientific crop rotation
The cause of cotton boll rot may also be that the cotton field often does not grow crops but is used only for planting cotton, so the soil's conditioning capacity is insufficient, and therefore many diseases arise. If rotation farming is carried out, it can regulate the soil's fertility and pH, and can effectively prevent the symptoms of cotton boll rot.
5. Chemical control
Chemical control is the spraying of chemicals against the comprehensive factors of cotton boll rot. During the period of July and August in summer and September in autumn, there is relatively more rain, so chemical spraying is needed to protect the cotton. When spraying, it is generally sprayed toward the middle and lower parts of the cotton. Commonly used chemicals include carbendazim 1000-fold solution, 58% metalaxyl·mancozeb wettable powder diluted 600-800-fold, 80% penconazole wettable powder diluted 500-600-fold, 70% chlorothalonil wettable powder diluted 500-fold, etc.
6. Pruning and boll adjustment
Actually, the purpose of pruning is to reduce the heavy, dense feeling in the cotton field, which is good for the cotton's sunlight exposure and ventilation. Boll adjustment is mainly an adjustment of the cotton's boll-setting period and boll-setting position. The general adjustment method is to remove the flower buds on the first to fourth fruiting branches of the lower part of the cotton, or remove the first and second fruiting branches, which can reduce cotton boll rot.
The symptoms of cotton boll rot are very likely to appear in cotton planting, so preventive measures must be taken during the cotton planting period. The above are the control methods for cotton boll rot brought to you by Qinong Net. Of course, there are certainly some other control methods, but the most commonly adopted measures are basically all here.