How to grow sesame? A detailed guide to the latest sesame cultivation methods
We are all very familiar with sesame; we see it often in daily life, and it is present in many foods. In addition, sesame is one of the main oil crops in our country, with an extremely wide planting area and significant economic benefits. So below, Qinong Web will explain the cultivation methods of sesame. Let's take a look.
1. Soil selection and land preparation
Sesame likes warmth and can be grown in spring and autumn, but it is mostly sown when temperatures are relatively high, so soil selection and land preparation, along with maintaining moisture and nutrients, are extremely critical. In areas with more soil moisture, the land can be finely harrowed lengthwise and crosswise after plowing, and after sowing the soil can simply be covered directly; in areas with insufficient soil moisture, sowing must be done immediately after plowing, then covered with plastic film or the stems of other crops to preserve moisture. Sesame fears waterlogging during growth, so in areas with more rainy weather, trenches should be opened and beds made, which helps with drainage and irrigation.
2. Sowing and raising seedlings
Sesame seeds need suitable and stable temperatures to germinate, so sowing is generally done in May to June. There are three sowing methods: dibbling, broadcasting, and drilling. Dibbling means sowing a few seeds in each hole; this sowing method is rather troublesome, but after emergence it is easy to manage. Broadcasting means evenly scattering the seeds over the planting area; seedlings emerge quickly, but it is not easy to manage. Drilling means reasonably controlling the plant and row spacing and maintaining reasonable dense planting; it is suitable for large-scale planting and convenient for mechanized operations. But no matter which sowing method is used, the soil should be covered shallowly, with 2-3 cm of soil being sufficient. After sowing, a diluted insecticide can be sprayed once, which can reduce weeds and is equivalent to watering the soil. With suitable temperature and humidity maintained, seedlings will emerge in about half a month, and when they grow 2-3 leaves, thinning can be done.
3. Fertilizer and water management
To achieve high and high-quality sesame yields, fertilizing is the key point, but how should fertilizer be applied? Sesame fertilization should grasp both method and timing, and attention should be paid to the combination and matching of nutrient levels.
Generally, sesame is fertilized at three times. First, after thinning the seedlings: sesame seeds are few, and often improper fertilization will cause it to grow extremely fast, which is not conducive to its later growth, so nitrogen fertilizer should be applied as little as possible; urea or thin manure water can be used for irrigation.
Second, at the sesame budding stage: at this time it has a relatively large demand for nutrients and needs sufficient nutrients to bud smoothly. At this time, fertilization is generally mainly nitrogen fertilizer, with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers as supplements.
Third, at the flowering stage: sesame grows extremely rapidly during the flowering stage, and by then the root system has already grown well and has strong absorption capacity. The nutrients absorbed during this period account for 70% of this growth period, so fertilization must be applied heavily.
4. Field management
During thinning, intertillage and weeding should be done in time. The whole growing season requires 2-3 intertillages. During intertillage, hilling should be combined so that the soil is loose, which helps drainage and prevents waterlogging, and prevents the plants from lodging. Sesame is relatively sensitive to moisture, is not drought-tolerant, and also fears waterlogging, so watering, drainage, and irrigation must be done well.
The above is the sesame cultivation method brought to you by Qinong Web. After reading the sesame cultivation method, we hope it is helpful to everyone. For more agricultural knowledge, please pay attention to Qinong Web.