The Latest Detailed Guide to Wheat Planting Time and Methods
The main wheat-producing area in our country is in the north. Since the climate conditions in the north are not suitable for growing rice, and wheat has relatively strong adaptability to the environment and strong survival ability, wheat has become the staple food of people in the north. People from the north are generally fairer-skinned than people from the south, which is because they have eaten flour-based foods for a long time, and now flour-based foods are also very popular in the south, so wheat cultivation has also been vigorously promoted. The following content is about the planting time and planting methods of our country's second-largest food crop, which is what Qinnongwang wants to share with everyone today. Come and take a look with the editor below.
Planting Time
Wheat is divided into spring wheat and winter wheat, so this also determines that the planting time of wheat is not the same. In the North China region of our country, it is generally sown around November in winter, while in the Northeast region it is sown in March or April in spring. Because the Northeast region of our country has a thick layer of snow every winter, and the temperature is very low, it is not suitable for the growth of wheat, so it is generally not planted in winter. Next, the climate in the North China region of our country is relatively stable throughout the year, and multiple rounds of crop rotation can be carried out, so it is just right to sow wheat in winter after other crops have been harvested in autumn, in order to prevent the land from lying waste.
Planting Methods
1. Seed selection and land preparation
The varieties of wheat are not as limited as before, so we can screen them. We first take into consideration the local climate and the local soil and other conditions, and choose the most suitable variety. For example, in areas with relatively little rain, choose one with strong drought resistance; in areas with poor soil, choose one with strong adaptability; in areas with relatively cold weather, choose one with strong cold resistance; in rainy areas, choose one with strong disease resistance. So choose the best according to the specific situation. In order to ensure the growth and yield of wheat, when preparing the land, it should be deep-plowed to at least about 30 cm into the soil layer, and the soil clods should be broken up finely, the field should be leveled, and then 4,000 jin of farmyard manure should be spread, then the land should be turned once more to mix the fertilizer evenly, and then a small ditch should be made every 1 m to 1.5 m or so, to prepare for drainage and irrigation, and finally you can wait for sowing.
2. Reasonable sowing
Before sowing, we generally need to carry out germination promotion treatment and seed dressing. First, we soak the wheat seeds in water for two days, then remove them, put them into a chemical agent and stir evenly, leave them for twenty minutes, then rinse them clean with clear water, then wrap the seeds in cotton cloth and hang them close to the water surface. After about three days, the seeds will sprout, and then they can be sown. There are several sowing methods. The most commonly used method is drilling, that is, in the prepared land, make a small ditch at a spacing of 30 cm between each row, then evenly scatter the seeds into the ditch, and then cover them with soil. The more common method in rural areas should be broadcasting, which is simpler. Just evenly scatter the seeds all over the field and then cover them with soil. Finally, there is the more meticulous planting method, which is to make a small hole at a spacing of 30 cm between each row and each plant, then put three to five seeds into each small hole, then cover with soil and wait for seedlings to emerge.
3. Field management
When a fine layer of tender green has grown throughout the wheat field, we can carry out the first fertilization and watering. At this time, watering can be done by irrigation, and fertilization mainly uses urea to promote seedlings. It can be spread directly as fertilizer, or mixed into water for irrigation. The second fertilization is at the tillering stage of the wheat seedlings. At this time, watering adopts the sprinkler irrigation method, so that the wheat seedlings will not break. At this time, we still use urea, but this time we need to add 20 jin of phosphate fertilizer and 30 jin of compound fertilizer. Finally, when the wheat seedlings are heading, this is the critical moment that determines wheat yield. We mainly apply phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, and boron fertilizer, and finally also spray some non-toxic agents that make the grains plump.
4. Disease prevention
The most common disease before wheat planting is wheat lodging. It generally appears after wheat heading and near maturity. If large-scale lodging occurs at this time, then the yield and quality of wheat will not be good. So in ordinary daily management, we need to drain water in time, and use fertilizer correctly and grasp the amount, as well as planting density. If one or two lodged seedlings appear in the field, chemical control is needed. For specific chemicals, you can consult.