What are the causes of low peanut yields and the solutions?
Peanut is one of the main oil crops and an important cash crop in China, widely planted across the country, but as the planting area keeps increasing, more and more problems have emerged. Many farmers encounter low yields when growing peanuts, which seriously affects the farmers' income, so what are the causes of low peanut yields? Let's take a look with Qin Nong Wang.
1. Variety causes
Many farmers often choose self-multiplied seeds that have been saved for many generations when planting. The varieties of these seeds are mixed and messy, and with continuous planting, the varieties seriously degenerate, leading to reduced disease resistance and low yields, so the problem of low yield occurs.
Solution: When sowing, choose good seeds that suit market demand and select varieties with strong disease resistance, strong stress resistance and high yield, such as Yuhua No. 10, Shangyan 9658, Yuhua 9840, etc.
2. Sowing causes
When the sowing time is improper and the best sowing time is missed, some inferior seeds are chosen for sowing, and the seeds are sown directly without treatment before sowing, resulting in poor sowing quality and a low seed germination rate. At the same time, the incidence of pests and diseases is also relatively high, so low yield is caused.
Solution: For spring sowing, the best time is when the temperature is stable at 15 degrees, while for summer sowing, the earlier the better. Before sowing, the seeds should be sun-dried, then shelled and plump, undamaged seeds selected. Before sowing, chemical treatment should also be carried out to eliminate the pathogens carried by the seeds and prevent the occurrence of diseases.
3. Continuous cropping on the same land
Continuous cropping on the same piece of land not only increases the incidence of pests and diseases, but also makes the damage from pests and diseases more serious. In addition, root growth is hindered, leading to reduced absorption capacity and causing malnutrition. Together with the damage from pests and diseases, this leads to reduced yield.
Solution: Rotate crops reasonably to reduce the harm caused by continuous cropping on the same land. When planting, choose to rotate with other crops for 2-3 years. In addition, choose varieties with strong disease resistance and strengthen field management so that they grow and develop normally.
4. Improper fertilization
When planting, farmers may fertilize in order to reduce planting costs or fertilize unscientifically, resulting in fertilization that is too one-sided or excessive. This causes peanuts to lack certain trace elements, or excessive fertilization leads to excessive vegetative growth of the plants, which can also cause reduced yield.
Solution: Master correct fertilization techniques and fertilize according to the growth condition of the peanuts. When fertilizing, the combination should be reasonable and fertilization should not be one-sided. Ensure the supply of other nutrient elements for peanut growth to improve its yield and quality.
5. Harvesting too early
Some farmers often harvest peanuts early in order to clear the field for the next crop or for other reasons. This causes the peanuts to be harvested before they have fully grown and matured. Generally, harvesting 7-10 days earlier than the suitable harvest time for peanuts will reduce peanut yield by more than 10%, thus causing a relatively low yield.
Solution: Try to wait until the peanuts are fully mature before harvesting. When harvesting, choose to harvest a portion as a sample and check whether they are fully mature before proceeding with the selection.
The above are the causes of low peanut yields and the solutions brought to you by Qin Nong Wang. We hope it can help you. To learn more about peanut cultivation knowledge, please stay tuned to Qin Nong Wang.