How to prevent and control faba bean pests and diseases? A detailed explanation of the latest control methods
The faba bean is one of the earliest legume crops cultivated by humans. When planting, many growers do not pay attention to faba bean pests and diseases, which leads to severe yield reductions in faba beans, and in some areas they occur year after year. So how should faba bean pests and diseases be prevented and controlled? Let's take a look at the detailed introduction below.
1. Chocolate spot
Field temperature and humidity have a great influence on this disease. It mainly occurs during the flowering stage of faba beans. High planting density, poor drainage, and soil nutrient deficiency can all cause the occurrence of this disease. When the disease occurs, multiple lesions appear on the leaves and gradually expand. The lesions are red, which reduces leaf function and nutrient synthesis, leading to poor plant growth.
Control methods: Choose varieties with strong disease resistance, plant at an appropriate density, control the application of nitrogen fertilizer, rotate with gramineous crops for more than 2 years, and promptly clean up diseased residues after harvest, burying them deeply or burning them.
2. Fusarium wilt
Fusarium wilt is a relatively common disease of faba beans. It can cause damage from the seedling stage through the flowering stage. When the disease occurs, the leaves turn pale yellow and wilt, the top leaves wilt and turn green, the leaves fall off, the root system also turns black, there are fewer lateral roots, and in severe cases the root system may rot, making the plant very easy to pull up.
Control methods: Before sowing, soak the seeds in a carbendazim solution for disinfection. In the early stage of the disease, carbendazim, propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate, thiabendazole, and other agents can be used to drench the roots, with good results.
3. Viral disease
This disease mainly damages the mosaic parts of the plant. After the leaves are infected, vein clearing appears. It is mainly spread by aphids and seeds. Virus-carrying seeds and virus-carrying aphids are the main sources of infection. When the disease occurs, the leaves shrivel, as if scorched, lose photosynthesis, and cannot synthesize nutrients.
Control methods: Choose seeds that do not carry the virus for sowing. During planting, disinfect the seeds and seedlings. At the same time, control aphids well to prevent the spread of this disease.
4. Aphids
Aphids have extremely strong reproductive capacity and can reproduce for more than ten generations in a year. Generally, adults and nymphs gather on the tender leaves at the top shoots of faba beans and suck sap, causing faba beans to grow slowly. At the same time, they can also spread viruses and reduce yield.
Control methods: Aphid control should be done early, and they should be eliminated before causing damage as much as possible. Control agents include chlorpyrifos emulsifiable concentrate, imidacloprid, and other effective options. Any one can be selected and sprayed once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 consecutive times.
The above is an introduction to the control methods for faba bean pests and diseases. We hope it can help you. To learn more related knowledge, please stay tuned to us.