The Latest Control Methods for Common Sesame Pests and Diseases
Sesame is a very important oilseed crop in our country. And many delicious dishes are inseparable from sesame, and its planting area in our country is very extensive. However, when we grow sesame, we often encounter some problems that harm the growth of sesame. Among them, pests and diseases are the most serious. So what are the common pests and diseases of sesame? How should they be controlled? Let's take a look together with the editor below!
1. Sesame damping-off
Symptoms: Sesame damping-off is the most common disease during the seedling stage of sesame. After the seedlings are affected, dark lesions appear on the stems, then gradually spread and develop around the stems. This causes severe damage to the stems, forming a thread-like shape, and the seedlings lodge. In severe cases, the lower leaves of the plant wilt and die.
Control methods: First, we should choose a superior variety to ensure good disease resistance. Before sowing, disinfect the seeds by dressing them with agents such as thiram. Then do a good job of land preparation, deep plow the soil to disinfect it, and eliminate pathogens in the soil.
2. Sesame root rot
Symptoms: Sesame root rot mainly harms the base of the stem of sesame plants. In the early stage of the disease, dark patches appear at the base of the stem, but the boundary is not obvious. Then it gradually turns into black rot, and if the epidermis is peeled off, the interior is found to be red. This causes the whole sesame plant to wilt and gradually die.
Control methods: When choosing a planting plot, we should pay attention to the terrain of the plot and must not plant in low-lying areas prone to water accumulation. Then strengthen management during the growing process, do not water too much, and prevent excessive field humidity, which can cause waterlogging and root damage. In the rainy season or when water accumulates, drain it in time.
3. Sesame mosaic disease
Symptoms: As the name suggests, sesame mosaic disease mainly harms the leaves of the plant. After mosaic disease occurs, it causes the stems to become distorted, and the plant cannot grow taller. The seed-setting rate is extremely low or even nonexistent, and quality and yield are seriously affected.
Control methods: Pay attention to the neighboring plot and the previous crop in the soil; it should not be peanuts or similar crops, otherwise soil-borne diseases are likely to occur. Then choose seeds with strong disease resistance, strengthen management, and at the same time pay attention to controlling aphids well to prevent them from carrying pathogens.
4. Sesame angular leaf spot
Symptoms: Sesame angular leaf spot can occur at any stage of sesame, but generally concentrates in the seedling stage. After seedlings are affected, the mortality rate is extremely high, and water-soaked spots appear on the seedling leaves. Then they gradually expand into dark, angular lesions. They also develop along the leaf veins, causing all leaves of the plant to be affected. After the top is affected, it cannot continue to grow, causing the plant to die.
Control methods: Before sowing, disinfect with warm water, copper sulfate, and other agents to eliminate pathogens in the seeds. Or choose excellent hybrid varieties and cultivate sesame varieties with strong disease resistance. Then do a good job of water management, drain accumulated water in time, and after harvest do a good job of clearing the field, burning diseased residues and weeds. After the disease occurs, use agents such as copper oxychloride for control.
The above is a brief introduction to common sesame pests and diseases. Common sesame insect pests include cutworms, aphids, and others. Pests can also carry pathogens, so everyone must pay close attention.