How to cultivate oil tea for high yield? A detailed explanation of the latest key cultivation points
Oil tea is a common economic tree in our country, and the fruit it bears can be used to press oil. There are many production areas for oil tea in our country, and the cultivation area is relatively large. Scientific cultivation techniques and management work are directly related to the yield of oil tea. Below, the editor will introduce in detail the key points of high-yield cultivation techniques for oil tea. Let's take a look together.
1. Select good varieties and strong seedlings
The quality of the seedlings is related to the tree's fertilization and high yield. When selecting good varieties, several points should be noted. First, regional adaptability: climate and site conditions vary from place to place, so excellent lines adapted to the ecological conditions of the local area should be selected. Second, multi-line combination: cross-pollination and fertilization of oil tea between different plants has the highest rate and the best quality. Third, consistent flowering period: the selected oil tea should have basically consistent flowering period and young fruit period, so as to achieve a relatively high effective rate. Fourth, select container cup seedlings with a height of 10 cm, one-year excellent family seedlings with a height of 20 cm, two-year-old grafted seedlings with a height of 25 cm, stem diameter of 0.4 cm, complete root system, and no pests or diseases.
2. Scientific land preparation
Land preparation can effectively improve the soil, make the soil mature and loose, improve the soil's water storage capacity and aeration, accelerate the decomposition of organic matter in the soil, improve conditions for microbial activity, and increase soil fertility. The quality of land preparation directly affects the survival rate of oil tea afforestation and the growth of the trees. Especially on mountain land with relatively shallow soil layers, land preparation can accelerate rock weathering and soil maturation, increase the depth of the plow layer, help conserve water, and increase organic matter. Land preparation should be carried out one year or half a year before afforestation. It is best to open up wasteland and turn the soil in the summer or autumn of the previous year, and it must not be prepared while afforestation is underway.
3. Scientific planting
Whether oil tea can survive after planting is closely related to the planting season. According to local climate conditions, planting should be chosen during the period when aboveground growth of the seedlings has stopped or during the rainy period. Generally, planting and afforestation from mid-October to November or from February to March has a better effect. For afforestation, the planting density should be arranged reasonably, generally planting 100-150 plants per mu, determined according to the terrain, to ensure good permeability.
4. Scientific management
If missing plants and diseased plants are found after planting, replant with strong seedlings of the same age, and strengthen management so that the replanted seedlings and the woodland seedlings grow in a balanced way. When young trees grow to 50-80 cm, prune them promptly to promote the sprouting of new branches and cultivate the tree crown, laying a good basic tree shape for high and stable yield. No fertilization is needed in the year of planting. During the young tree stage, nitrogen fertilizer should be the main fertilizer, combined with an appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, increasing appropriately from small to large amounts year by year. Young trees have weak cold resistance, and they produce a large amount of new shoots with tender tissues, making them susceptible to frost damage. Therefore, when planning the woodland, avoid building the orchard in low-lying depressions. In winter, windbreak belts should be appropriately established, and in November, sufficient warming fertilizer for overwintering should be applied. During the growth process, timely cultivating and weeding should be carried out, and tree crowns should be regularly sprayed for protection, effectively preventing and controlling pests and diseases, enhancing the plant's disease resistance, and enabling it to grow healthily and robustly.
The above is an introduction to the key points of high-yield cultivation of oil tea. I hope it can help you. If you want to learn more related knowledge, please stay tuned to us.