What are the precautions for fertilizing sweet potatoes? A detailed explanation of the latest key points
Sweet potato has a very long history of being eaten in our country, is a major food crop, and has a relatively large planting area in our country. When growing sweet potatoes, fertilization work is very important, and rational fertilization is the key to meeting the nutritional needs of sweet potato growth. And when fertilizing, there are many areas that require our attention. So today the editor has brought you the precautions for fertilizing sweet potatoes. Let's take a look below!
1. Foliar fertilizer
When fertilizing, we should carry it out in combination with watering work. After sweet potatoes enter the tuber expansion stage, attention should be paid to controlling the application of nitrogen fertilizer to prevent excessive nitrogen fertilizer from causing excessive vegetative growth of sweet potato plants. Then water should also be controlled. When fertilizing sweet potatoes, we should not only do in-root fertilization work, but also pay attention to doing a good job of topdressing outside the roots. Topdressing outside the roots means appropriately spraying foliar fertilizer. Reasonable spraying of foliar fertilizer can effectively enhance leaf growth capacity, promote photosynthesis, and increase the accumulation of photosynthetic substances. Commonly used foliar fertilizers include potassium dihydrogen phosphate and other solutions, which can be sprayed directly and evenly over the entire leaf surface.
2. Apply sufficient base fertilizer
Before planting sweet potatoes, we should apply sufficient base fertilizer. The base fertilizer is, of course, mainly decomposed farmyard manure, combined with an appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer. Base fertilizer generally accounts for about 70% of the total fertilization amount. Usually 3500kg of base fertilizer should be applied per mu, then mixed with about 20kg of superphosphate and an appropriate amount of plant ash, ammonium bicarbonate and other substances. When applying base fertilizer, attention should be paid to controlling the application method, mainly using two methods: concentrated application and layered application. Generally 3/5 is applied to the bottom layer during deep plowing, and then 2/5 is mainly applied in holes during planting. This ensures that sweet potato seedlings can effectively absorb nutrients after surviving.
3. Seedling-promoting fertilizer
When applying seedling-promoting fertilizer, we should pay attention to choosing the fertilizer well. The fertilizer is generally mainly quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer. About 4 days after transplanting, it is carried out together with the work of checking seedlings and filling gaps. The application method of seedling-promoting fertilizer is mainly applying it into holes. First, near the hole opening of the seedling and close to the root, dig a hole of about 10 cm, then apply an appropriate amount of urea. Generally, the application amount per mu can be maintained at about 3 kg. After application, water appropriately, then cover with soil. Urea water can also be used to directly irrigate the roots, so as to alleviate the shortcoming of slow fertilizer effect.
4. Vine-strengthening fertilizer
After sweet potatoes enter the vine-strengthening stage, the underground part of the sweet potato plant begins to grow more strongly and gradually forms tuberous roots. At this time, the ability to absorb fertilizer is very strong. Therefore, in order to accelerate the speed of leaf area expansion and enhance the plant's photosynthetic production efficiency, vine-strengthening fertilizer should be applied well one month after sweet potato transplanting. Control the fertilization amount according to soil fertility and seedling growth. The fertilizer is mainly ammonium sulfate, urea, or ammonium nitrate. If the sweet potato seedlings are growing well, then the fertilization amount can be appropriately reduced. On the contrary, if the growth is poor, then more should be applied appropriately. In addition, we should also pay attention to doing a good job in weeding, irrigation and other work.
The above is a brief introduction to the precautions for fertilizing sweet potatoes. That's all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and I hope it can help everyone!