What to Do About Peanut Early Senescence? Latest Causes and Control Measures
As the number of years of peanut cultivation increases, the problem of peanut early senescence has become more and more serious. Early senescence causes peanuts to wither and drop prematurely, resulting in dead stems and leaves, unfilled pods, and early pod shedding, severely affecting quality and yield and bringing huge economic losses to farmers. So what causes peanut early senescence? How should it be controlled? Let's take a look together.
1. Variety degradation
Peanuts are conventional seeds and do not need to be replaced every year, and peanut seeds are also relatively expensive, so most farmers keep their own seeds for planting rather than buying seeds. Many farmers often grow only one variety, and grow it for many years, resulting in a single variety; when the number of years is too long, the variety degrades, which inevitably causes peanut early senescence and death.
Control measures: Choose high-yield, stable-yield, small-to-medium-fruited varieties with disease resistance, pay attention to seed selection and seed sunning year after year, prohibit the use of moldy seeds, and where conditions permit, carry out chemical seed coating.
2. Nutrient imbalance
When soil nutrients are imbalanced, especially when trace elements such as calcium and boron cannot be supplemented in a timely and effective manner, the stress resistance of peanuts will be reduced. Peanut fertilization must follow scientific rules. Many farmers only know about compound fertilizer and urea when fertilizing, and do not know to supplement molybdenum fertilizer, calcium fertilizer, boron fertilizer and other trace elements needed for peanut growth, all of which can lead to peanut early senescence in the later stage.
Control measures: Choose scientifically formulated fertilization, combining base fertilizer with foliar topdressing. In addition to conventional fertilization, pay attention to spraying molybdenum fertilizer on the leaves at the seedling stage, spraying boron fertilizer at the flowering stage, spraying calcium fertilizer at the pod-filling stage, and spraying high-quality potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea aqueous solution on the leaves in the later stage, which can effectively prevent peanut early senescence and leaf drop.
3. Herbicide damage
Long-term use of acetochlor for chemical weed control in peanut production causes herbicide damage to peanut seedlings, resulting in poor root growth and development, and the root system will undergo early senescence in the later stage.
Control measures: Strictly control the amount of acetochlor used, master the correct application method, do not blindly increase the dosage during drought, and increase the amount of water used to improve the weeding effect and avoid herbicide damage.
4. Improper use of hormones
The use of paclobutrazol in production to control excessive peanut growth has a good effect, but paclobutrazol can control stem and leaf growth and also control the growth of underground roots and pods, so it can also cause peanut early senescence and death in the later stage.
Control measures: In production, it is advisable to choose uniconazole, mepiquat chloride and other agents that have less impact on peanut pod expansion for growth control. When using hormones for growth control, it is also necessary to flexibly adjust according to plant growth and weather conditions.
The above is an introduction to the causes of peanut early senescence and control measures. We hope it can help you. For more related knowledge, please stay tuned to us.