A Detailed Explanation of the Effects of Continuous Peanut Cropping and the Solutions

In China, peanuts are not only a food crop but also a very important oil crop, grown on a large area. However, many people do not pay attention to crop rotation when growing peanuts, which often leads to continuous peanut cropping, seriously affecting peanut growth. So what specific effects does continuous peanut cropping have? And how should it be solved? Below, the editor will give you a brief introduction. Let's take a look!

I. Effects of Continuous Cropping

1. Poor Seedling Quality

If peanuts are grown continuously on the same land, it will lead to serious pests such as white grubs in the soil. And when peanuts are planted, it is also the peak activity period of white grubs. White grubs will gnaw on peanut seeds, thereby reducing the germination rate of peanut seeds. And even if they germinate, weak seedlings will be produced. In places of continuous cropping, there are excessive organic acids in the soil, which is very unfavorable for peanut nutrient absorption, thereby delaying the peanut seedling stage and increasing the dead seedling rate.

2. Poor Quality

The most difficult problem to control in continuous peanut cropping is pests and diseases, which will seriously affect peanut yield and quality. After continuous peanut cropping, a large number of harmful pathogens will be produced in the soil, and these pathogens are difficult to effectively eliminate even with chemicals. Moreover, continuously cropped peanuts will not only reduce the number of pods but also lower the full-pod rate, seriously affecting yield. Studies have found that peanuts grown continuously for more than two years have about a 10% reduction in yield, and if for three years, the reduction can reach 25%.

II. Solutions

1. Rational Fertilization

When fertilizing, we should appropriately apply farmyard manure, which can effectively reduce the continuous cropping phenomenon. This is because the nutrient structure of farmyard manure is relatively comprehensive, and it can improve soil structure and promote the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms in the soil. Beneficial microorganisms in the soil can not only inhibit the occurrence of soil-borne diseases but also decompose toxic substances in the soil. Therefore, when fertilizing, we should pay attention to applying more farmyard manure, biological fertilizer, etc., to improve soil quality.

2. Deep Plowing of the Soil

After the soil freezes every winter, the soil should be deeply plowed. This is because in a low-temperature and cold environment, deep plowing of the soil can effectively eliminate a large number of pathogens and insect eggs that overwinter in the soil, thereby reducing the pathogen base for disease occurrence the following year. Especially for pathogens that are active on the soil surface, such as southern blight, as long as the pathogen is below 7 cm in the soil layer, its activity will drop sharply, thereby reducing harm to peanuts.

3. Increase Medium and Trace Elements

Peanuts have a relatively large demand for calcium during growth. Therefore, for the continuous cropping phenomenon of peanuts, if it is caused by calcium deficiency or other medium and trace element deficiencies, then we should promptly supplement an appropriate amount of medium and trace elements such as silicon, calcium, and magnesium. At the same time, during the peanut flowering stage, an appropriate amount of foliar fertilizer can be sprayed to meet the needs of peanuts during the critical period and improve the pod-setting rate of peanuts.

The above is a brief introduction to the effects of continuous peanut cropping and the solutions. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and we hope it can help everyone!