A detailed up-to-date guide to the fertilizer requirements of peanuts, master the scientific fertilization method
Peanut is a food crop and also an important oil crop, and its planting area in China is very large. When planting peanuts, if you want to improve the yield and quality of peanuts, then the fertilization work is very important. And when fertilizing peanuts, we first need to understand the fertilizer requirements of peanuts well. So today the editor will give you a brief introduction to the fertilizer requirements of peanuts, let's take a look together below!
I. Fertilizer requirement rules
When planting peanuts, if you want the peanuts to grow and develop normally, then not only sufficient macroelements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are needed, but also attention must be paid to medium and trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, zinc and copper. During the entire growth period of peanuts, the absorption ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium by peanuts is generally around 3:04:1:06. However, peanuts themselves have rhizobia, and by relying on rhizobia, the nitrogen supply can reach about 75%. So the actual demand for nitrogen fertilizer is not very large, but there is a relatively large demand for potassium and calcium. In addition, everyone must strictly pay attention to the supplementation of various trace elements.
II. Fertilization principles
1. Seedling stage
When fertilizing peanuts, the fertilizer should be mainly organic fertilizer, with chemical fertilizer as a supplement. Apply sufficient base fertilizer, and also do a good job of topdressing. Topdressing is mainly carried out at the seedling stage, flowering stage and pod-filling stage, and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium should be applied in combination. At the 4-leaf stage of the seedling stage, an appropriate amount of quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer should be applied. It can effectively promote early branching and has a very good effect on increasing the number of flowers and pods. Generally, peanut special fertilizer, urea and other fertilizers are mainly used, and sufficient human and livestock manure water can also be applied to ensure normal growth of peanuts.
2. Flowering and pod-setting stage
At the initial flowering stage of peanuts, the nutritional demand of peanuts will rise sharply. However, rhizobia will also begin to supply nitrogen to the peanuts, so we must pay attention to controlling the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer. If too much nitrogen fertilizer is applied, it can very easily lead to excessive stem and leaf growth and lodging of the seedlings in the later stage of peanuts. Therefore, after peanuts flower, generally there is no need to apply nitrogen fertilizer as topdressing. The main approach is to apply an appropriate amount of compound fertilizer and calcium fertilizer and other fertilizers at the initial flowering stage of peanuts in combination with intertillage and weeding, so as to ensure normal growth of peanuts.
3. Pod-filling stage
During the pod-filling stage of peanuts, we also need to pay a lot of attention. At this time, the demand of peanuts for phosphorus will increase somewhat. So we should pay attention to timely supplementing an appropriate amount of phosphorus. Phosphorus supplementation can be carried out by the method of foliar phosphorus spraying, spraying an appropriate amount of foliar fertilizer and monopotassium phosphate and other sprays. About once a week, and continuous spraying for about one month is enough. Supplementing a suitable amount of phosphorus has a great relationship with the yield and quality of peanuts, so everyone must pay a lot of attention.
The above is a brief introduction to the fertilizer requirements of peanuts. That is all for today's introduction. This article is for reference only, and I hope it can be helpful to everyone!