What are the mango growing conditions? A detailed explanation of the latest key growing points

Mango is produced in Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, China, and grows on hillsides, river valleys or open woodland at altitudes of 200-1350m. It is distributed in India, Bangladesh, Indochina and Malaysia, has long been widely cultivated at home and abroad, and more than a hundred cultivars have been bred; in China alone as many as more than 40 cultivars are currently cultivated. The mango growing conditions are as follows:

Temperature conditions

Mango likes warmth and cannot tolerate cold or frost. The average annual temperature in the world's mango production areas is above 20°C, and the lowest monthly average temperature is greater than 15°C. In China, the production areas where mango can grow and fruit normally have an average annual temperature of 19.8-24.1°C, but most are areas with an average annual temperature of 21-22°C, a coldest month above 15°C, and almost no frost throughout the year.

The effective temperature for mango growth is 18-35°C, the optimum temperature for shoot growth is 24-29°C, and fruit set and young fruit growth require a daily average temperature greater than 20°C. If the temperature is insufficient, pollination and fertilization are poor, and even the inflorescence may die or the embryo may abort and die. When the temperature is above 37°C, the florets and fruit suffer sunscald; below 10°C, new shoots and flower spikes stop growing; below 5°C, seedlings, young shoots and flower spikes are damaged by cold; around 0°C, the aboveground part of seedlings, the flower spikes, young shoots and outer leaves of adult trees are all damaged, and in severe cases die. Below -3°C, young trees freeze to death and large trees are severely damaged by cold.

Light conditions

Mango is a light-loving fruit tree. Sufficient light can promote flower bud differentiation, flowering and fruit set, improve fruit quality and improve appearance. Usually, individual trees on the sunny side of the canopy or in open environments have more flowers and a higher fruit-setting rate; mango trees with too many branches and leaves, a closed canopy and insufficient light have fewer flowers and fruits, and the fruit appearance and quality are both poor. The light conditions in the orchard and within the tree can be improved through pruning to increase yield and extend the full-bearing period.

Water conditions

Mango grows well in areas with an annual rainfall of 700-2000mm. The uneven distribution of annual rainfall in South China often affects growth and development. If the air is too dry during the flowering period and the early fruiting stage, it easily causes flower and fruit drop; too much rain in turn leads to flower rot and poor pollination and fertilization; if summer rainfall is too concentrated, it often induces serious fruit diseases; the autumn drought after harvest mostly affects the sprouting and growth of the autumn shoot mother branches.

Soil conditions

For mango's soil requirements, it is advisable to choose loam or sandy loam with deep soil layers, a low groundwater table, rich organic matter, good drainage, and a pH value of 5.5~7.5.