Common Diseases of Cherries and the Latest Control Methods
Cherries are also known as European sweet cherries. They originated in Europe, and after being introduced to China they won the favor of many people, and more and more people began to grow them. In fact, the method of growing cherries is much the same as for cherries, since the differences themselves are very small, but during the growing process you will still encounter different disease problems. People also do not know exactly how to solve them, so today the editor has brought you the common diseases of cherries and their control methods. Let's take a look below!
1. Cherry brown rot
Symptoms: Cherry brown rot is the most important disease harming cherries. It is also called shot hole disease, and it mainly harms the fruit and the leaves. In the early stage of the disease, small purple spots the size of pinheads form on the leaves, and then they gradually expand and extend. Later, some spots extend together to form brown patches. Small black dots gradually appear on the patches, and these small black dots are conidia. Finally the patches gradually dry and shrink, leaving one small hole after another on the fallen leaves. In severe cases it can also cause early defoliation. It affects the growth of the tree body and causes serious reduction in cherry yield.
Control methods: Sweep up fallen leaves cleanly, clear away diseased and disabled branches, reduce or eliminate the overwintering pathogens, and strengthen orchard management. Improve the site conditions of the orchard, increase the vigor of the tree body, and improve the disease resistance of the tree body. Mancozeb and other agents can be sprayed before the flowers fall and before fruit harvest for control.
2. Cherry leaf spot
Symptoms: Cherry leaf spot mainly harms the leaves of cherries as well. In the early stage of damage, brownish-purple, nearly round patches form between the leaf veins, and they gradually necrose. Pink mold spots appear on the back of the leaves. The damage symptoms are not much different from the brownish-purple patches. The lesions gradually expand and extend, and after joining together to form large patches they cause the leaves to begin to die off and fall over a large area. This prevents the fruit tree from carrying out effective photosynthesis and from meeting the nutrients needed for growth. Sometimes the petioles and fruit are also harmed, and in severe cases the whole tree dies due to lack of nutrients.
Control methods: Pay attention to orchard hygiene. After harvest in winter, disinfect the orchard in time and carry out effective sterilization work, centrally clear away diseased and disabled bodies and fallen leaves, and burn them in a centralized way. Because most leaf spot pathogens overwinter by parasitizing and clinging to the soil and diseased and disabled bodies, and when the Beginning of Spring arrives they will appear and harm the fruit trees. Chemical control is similar to that used for brown rot.
3. Cherry gummosis
Gummosis is also one of the most common diseases in the growth process of cherries. Gummosis mainly occurs on wounds of the branches and trunks or on the gum that flows out from dead corky tissue at the branch forks. This disease has a chance to occur after the tree begins to sprout. No matter what stage it is, this disease occurs most frequently. The diseased part will have some center, and the cortex and xylem parts will gradually rot and become decayed, and then produce other pathogens, which is very likely to trigger other diseases, causing the vigor of the tree body to become weaker and weaker, and in severe cases even the whole plant dies.
Control methods: After the saplings sprout, apply organic fertilizer at regular times and in fixed amounts, and prevent natural disasters such as freezing damage, drought damage and waterlogging damage, etc. Enhance the disease resistance of the tree body, whitewash the lower part of the trunk completely to prevent sunburn, and strengthen the control of the remaining diseases and insect pests, especially wounds caused by some boring pests. During pruning, also pay attention to preventing mechanical damage.
The above are the more common diseases when growing cherries. Paying attention to disease control is work that every grower must do well. Neglecting it or not managing it carefully will cause serious reduction in cherry yield. In fact, apart from a very few varietal causes, the onset of disease is caused by improper orchard management. When growing them, everyone must manage every tree in the orchard carefully and meticulously. Only in this way can the normal, good growth and development of the fruit trees be ensured.